# OzPolitics

> Independent, non-partisan Australian politics reviews and election help. No affiliate links, paid political placement, personalised voting recommendations, political profiling or election predictions.

## Editorial and machine-readable resources

- [Editorial method](https://ozpolitics.au/method/)
- [Source policy](https://ozpolitics.au/sources/)
- [Privacy and AI questions](https://ozpolitics.au/privacy/)
- [Disclaimer](https://ozpolitics.au/disclaimer/)
- [Bills and debates](https://ozpolitics.au/parliament/)
- [Party positions](https://ozpolitics.au/parties/)
- [Party positions JSON feed](https://ozpolitics.au/parties.json)
- [Party positions RSS feed](https://ozpolitics.au/parties.xml)
- [Parliament JSON feed](https://ozpolitics.au/parliament.json)
- [Parliament RSS feed](https://ozpolitics.au/parliament.xml)

## Election help

- [How to enrol to vote in Australia](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-enrol-to-vote-in-australia/): How to enrol to vote: eligibility criteria, ID requirements, online and paper options, checking your status, and state and local enrolment.
- [Voting while interstate or overseas](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/voting-while-interstate-or-overseas/): How to vote in federal elections from interstate or overseas: early voting centres, postal voting, overseas options, and key deadlines for travellers.
- [How the Senate quota and preference count work](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-the-senate-quota-and-preference-count-work/): How the Senate vote count works: quota formula, surplus and preference transfers, above and below the line voting, and why results can take weeks.
- [How to check and update your electoral enrolment](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-check-and-update-your-electoral-enrolment/): Check and update your federal electoral enrolment through the AEC when your details change. Never rely on an old polling card or unofficial lookup.
- [Accessible voting options in Australia](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/accessible-voting-options-in-australia/): Electoral commissions provide several accessibility pathways. Start with official guidance and contact the commission for any individual access barrier.
- [Formal and informal votes explained](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/formal-and-informal-votes-explained/): A formal vote meets legal and ballot-paper requirements and enters the count. An informal ballot cannot be counted even if the voter's intention seems clear.
- [Who is eligible to vote in Australian federal elections](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/who-is-eligible-to-vote-in-australian-federal-elections/): Federal enrolment eligibility rules: age, citizenship, residency and statutory exceptions under the Commonwealth Electoral Act, administered by the AEC.
- [Assistance and interpreter options at polling places](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/assistance-and-interpreter-options-at-polling-places/): Voters can ask for help at polling places, including assistance for disability, language support, and someone to mark a ballot paper as directed.
- [Can a preference be “wasted” in Australia?](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/can-a-preference-be-wasted-in-australia/): A preference is not automatically wasted: its fate depends on the voting system, the count progression, and earlier preferences on the ballot.
- [What happens when an election is called](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/what-happens-when-an-election-is-called/): Step-by-step federal election timetable: dissolution, writs, the roll, nominations, voting and return of writs, with official AEC and parliamentary sources.
- [What to do if your name is not on the roll](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/what-to-do-if-your-name-is-not-on-the-roll/): Steps to take when your name is not on the electoral roll at a polling place: declaration votes, enrolment verification, and how to prevent it next time.
- [How scrutineers observe an election count](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-scrutineers-observe-an-election-count/): Scrutineers are candidates' representatives who observe vote counting for transparency. Their rights, limits, appointment process and legal framework.
- [How to find your federal electorate](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-find-your-federal-electorate/): Use the AEC online address lookup to identify your federal electorate. Boundaries and names can change through redistributions even when you have not moved.
- [What to do if you make a mistake on a ballot paper](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/what-to-do-if-you-make-a-mistake-on-a-ballot-paper/): If you mark a ballot paper incorrectly, return it to the polling official before placing it in the box. You will receive a fresh paper and can vote correctly.
- [What happens after polls close](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/what-happens-after-polls-close/): After 6 pm officials seal materials, reconcile papers and begin counting. Postal vote processing and preference distributions take days or weeks.
- [How electoral boundaries and redistributions work](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-electoral-boundaries-and-redistributions-work/): Independent committees redraw electoral boundaries using enrolment data, legal criteria and public submissions — not party preference or suburb lines.
- [How to complete a House of Representatives ballot](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-complete-a-house-of-representatives-ballot/): Number every box on the green ballot paper in your preferred order. Follow the official instructions on the paper, not social-media graphics.
- [Why election results can take time](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/why-election-results-can-take-time/): Election-night figures are partial. Declaration votes, close margins, mandatory recounts and preference distributions extend the timeline beyond polling day.
- [How to find your polling place](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-find-your-polling-place/): Use the official AEC polling-place finder close to voting day. Venue lists change between elections so an old location is not reliable.
- [How preferential voting works in the House](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-preferential-voting-works-in-the-house/): Number candidates in order of choice. The lowest is excluded and ballots flow to next preferences until one candidate passes 50%.
- [Declaration votes and provisional votes explained](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/declaration-votes-and-provisional-votes-explained/): Ballots sealed in envelopes so the AEC verifies enrolment before admitting them to the count. Includes absent, postal, early, mobile and provisional votes.
- [What to expect inside a polling place](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/what-to-expect-inside-a-polling-place/): Step-by-step guide to entering, checking the roll, receiving ballot papers, marking them privately and depositing them at an Australian federal polling place.
- [What “one vote, one value” means in practice](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/what-one-vote-one-value-means-in-practice/): One vote one value is a principle, not a mathematical guarantee. Electoral boundaries, enrolment tolerances and redistribution timing shape how it operates.
- [Compulsory voting, notices and valid reasons explained](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/compulsory-voting-notices-and-valid-reasons-explained/): Compulsory voting creates a legal duty to enrol and vote. The AEC sends formal notices to apparent non-voters, who can respond with a valid reason.
- [How early voting works](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-early-voting-works/): Early voting lets eligible electors cast a ballot before election day at designated centres, under grounds set out in the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918.
- [How to complete a Senate ballot above the line](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-complete-a-senate-ballot-above-the-line/): Instructions for completing the Senate ballot paper above the line, where numbering at least six boxes directs preferences according to the voter's choices.
- [Federal, state and local elections: which rules apply?](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/federal-state-and-local-elections-which-rules-apply/): A guide to the different electoral rules at federal, state and local levels across Australia, covering enrolment, voting systems and ballot structures.
- [How postal voting works](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-postal-voting-works/): How to apply for a postal vote in Australian federal elections: eligibility, deadlines, completing the pack, witnessing requirements and return rules.
- [How to complete a Senate ballot below the line](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/how-to-complete-a-senate-ballot-below-the-line/): How to fill in a Senate ballot below the line in federal elections: numbering rules, minimum 12 preferences, how the count works and avoiding common mistakes.
- [A first-time voter’s election checklist](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/a-first-time-voter-s-election-checklist/): A step-by-step guide for first-time voters: enrolment check, finding your electorate, voting methods, what to expect at a polling place and how to get help.
- [Bendigo Lockwood Ward by-election scheduled for October 2026 - what voters need to do now](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/bendigo-lockwood-ward-by-election-october-2026/): The VEC has announced a postal by-election for Bendigo City Council's Lockwood Ward in October 2026. Enrolment closes 4 pm Wednesday 22 July.
- [Banyule Beale Ward by-election enrolment closes 22 July 2026 - last call for voters](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/banyule-beale-ward-by-election-enrolment-july-2026/): The VEC warns voters in Banyule City Council's Beale Ward that enrolment for the by-election closes at 4 pm on Wednesday 22 July 2026. Check now.
- [Ballot Packs Mailed for Kingston City Council Melaleuca Ward Postal By-Election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-ballot-packs-mailed/): Ballot packs for Kingston Melaleuca Ward by-election mailed 13 July. Return completed ballots by 6 pm 31 July 2026. Voting is compulsory.
- [Ballot packs mailed for Latrobe City Council Morwell River Ward by-election - what you need to know before 31 July](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/latrobe-city-council-morwell-river-ward-by-election-ballot-packs-mailed-july-2026/): Ballot packs are now in the mail for the Latrobe City Council Morwell River Ward by-election. Voting closes 6 pm Friday 31 July 2026. Check your.
- [Ballot packs now in the mail for Wyndham Heathdale Ward by-election as voting deadline approaches](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-ballot-packs-mailed-july-2026/): Ballot packs for the Wyndham City Council Heathdale Ward postal by-election have been mailed. Three candidates are contesting the seat. Voting.
- [Banyule City Council Beale Ward by-election October 2026: dates, postal voting and what voters need to know](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/banyule-beale-ward-by-election-october-2026-dates-and-voting/): The VEC has confirmed an October 2026 postal by-election for Banyule's Beale Ward after the resignation of Councillor Elizabeth Nealy. Key dates,.
- [Political donation disclosure deadline 9 July 2026: what Victorian parties, candidates and donors must report under new laws](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/political-donation-disclosure-deadline-9-july-2026-victoria/): Victorian political participants have until 9 July 2026 to disclose donations under the Electoral Further Amendment Act 2026 grace period. Who.
- [Thirteen Candidates Announced for Kingston City Council Melaleuca Ward Postal By-Election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-candidates-announced/): Thirteen candidates nominated for Kingston Melaleuca Ward postal by-election. Ballot packs mailed 13 July, voting closes 6 pm 31 July 2026.
- [Five candidates confirmed for Latrobe City Council Morwell River Ward postal by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/latrobe-city-council-morwell-river-ward-candidates-announced-june-2026/): The VEC has announced five candidates for the Latrobe City Council Morwell River Ward postal by-election. Meet the candidates and learn how to.
- [Three candidates confirmed for Wyndham Heathdale Ward postal by-election as ballot mailout approaches](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-candidates-announced-june-2026/): Three candidates — Pippa Pace, Marcel Mahfoud, and Kim McAliney — have nominated for the Wyndham City Council Heathdale Ward postal by-election..
- [I'm Voting to Avoid the Fine applies to register as a Victorian political party: what the application means and how to object](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/im-voting-to-avoid-the-fine-political-party-registration-victoria-2026/): The VEC has received an application from I'm Voting to Avoid the Fine to register as a Victorian political party. Objections close 25 July 2026..
- [Victoria's new political finance laws: 30-day disclosure deadline, donation caps and what the High Court decision means for the 2026 state election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/victoria-new-political-finance-laws-30-day-disclosure-deadline-2026/): Victoria's Electoral Further Amendment Act 2026 reintroduces donation disclosure after the High Court invalidated Part 12. Key obligations,.
- [Kingston City Council Opens Candidate Nominations for Melaleuca Ward By-Election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-call-for-candidates/): Candidate nominations open 15 June 2026 for Kingston Melaleuca Ward postal by-election. Close 12 noon 23 June. $250 fee, in-person lodgement required.
- [Latrobe City Council opens nominations for Morwell River Ward by-election - here's how to nominate](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/latrobe-city-council-morwell-river-ward-by-election-nominations-open-june-2026/): Candidate nominations for the Latrobe City Council Morwell River Ward by-election open on Monday 15 June 2026. The VEC is calling for candidates.
- [Wyndham City Council opens nominations for Heathdale Ward by-election after councillor resignation](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-call-for-candidates-june-2026/): Nominations open 15 June 2026 for the Wyndham City Council Heathdale Ward by-election, triggered by Cr Jennie Barrera's resignation. Candidates.
- [Mornington Peninsula Briars Ward by-election enrolment closes 22 July 2026 - last call for voters](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/mornington-peninsula-briars-ward-by-election-enrolment-july-2026/): The VEC warns Mornington Peninsula voters in Briars Ward that enrolment for the October 2026 by-election closes at 4 pm on Wednesday 22 July 2026..
- [24 July 2026 — Voting closes soon for Wyndham by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-voting-closes-july-2026/): VEC: Voting closes soon for Wyndham Heathdale Ward by-election. Return postal ballots before 6 pm deadline.
- [24 July 2026 — Voting closes soon for Kingston by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-voting-closes-july-2026/): VEC reminds Kingston Melaleuca Ward voters voting closes soon. Return completed postal ballots by 6 pm deadline.
- [24 July 2026 — Voting closes soon for Latrobe by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/latrobe-morwell-river-ward-by-election-voting-closes-july-2026/): VEC: Voting closes soon for Latrobe Morwell River Ward by-election. Return completed ballots by 6 pm deadline.
- [VEC refers suspected vote tampering in the Kingston City Council by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/suspected-vote-tampering-kingston-city-council-by-election-2026/): The VEC declared Nikki Kaur elected in Kingston's Melaleuca Ward and referred postal-voting irregularities to the inspectorate.
- [Banyule City Council Beale Ward by-election: nominations now open](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/banyule-city-council-beale-ward-by-election-2026/): Nominations for the Banyule Beale Ward by-election close at noon on 25 August 2026; voting will be by post.
- [Greater Bendigo City Council Lockwood Ward by-election: nominations now open](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/greater-bendigo-city-council-lockwood-ward-by-election-2026/): Nominations for the Lockwood Ward by-election close at noon on 25 August 2026; postal voting closes 2 October.
- [Mornington Peninsula Shire Briars Ward by-election: nominations now open](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/mornington-peninsula-shire-briars-ward-by-election-2026/): Nominations for the Briars Ward by-election close at noon on 25 August 2026; postal voting closes 2 October.
- [Working at the 2026 Victorian state election: applications now open](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/working-at-the-2026-victorian-state-election/): The VEC is recruiting more than 25,000 casual staff for the 28 November 2026 Victorian state election.
- [100 days until the 2026 Victorian state election: what you need to know](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/100-days-until-the-2026-victorian-state-election-what-you-need-to-know/): The Victorian state election is on Saturday 28 November 2026 and enrolment closes at 8 pm on Tuesday 3 November. Here is the official timeline.
- [Murrindindi Shire Council Kinglake Ward by-election: set for December 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/murrindindi-shire-council-kinglake-ward-by-election-december-2026/): A by-election will be held for Murrindindi Shire Council's Kinglake Ward in December 2026 after a councillor's resignation. It will be conducted entirely…
- [26 August 2026 - Candidates announced for Banyule City Council postal by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/26-august-2026-candidates-announced-for-banyule-city-council-postal-by-election/): Eight candidates have nominated for Banyule City Council's Beale Ward postal by-election; postal voting closes at 6 pm on 2 October 2026.
- [26 August 2026 - Candidates announced for Greater Bendigo City Council postal by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/26-august-2026-candidates-announced-for-greater-bendigo-city-council-postal-by-election/): Six candidates have nominated for Greater Bendigo City Council's Lockwood Ward postal by-election; postal voting closes at 6 pm on 2 October 2026.
- [26 August 2026 - Candidates announced for Mornington Peninsula Shire postal by-election](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/26-august-2026-candidates-announced-for-mornington-peninsula-shire-postal-by-election/): Two candidates have nominated for Mornington Peninsula Shire's Briars Ward postal by-election; postal voting closes at 6 pm on 2 October 2026.
- [9 September 2026 - VEC welcomes accessible voting focus](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/9-september-2026-vec-welcomes-accessible-voting-focus/): The Victorian Electoral Commission has welcomed the Parliament of Victoria's Electoral Matters Committee report on voting centre accessibility, which makes 61 recommendations ahead of the state election on 28 November 2026.
- [31 August 2026 - New authorisation requirements to strengthen transparency of electoral material](https://ozpolitics.au/election-help/31-august-2026-new-authorisation-requirements-to-strengthen-transparency-of-electoral-material/): The Victorian Electoral Commission has updated its determination on authorising electoral material, requiring regulated entities to name themselves on the material and giving voters clearer information about who is behind election communications.

## How government works

- [Australia's system of government in plain English](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australia-s-system-of-government-in-plain-english/): How representative democracy, constitutional monarchy and federalism combine, with the Constitution dividing power between Parliament, Executive and courts.
- [How to read a bill and explanatory memorandum](https://ozpolitics.au/government/how-to-read-a-bill-and-explanatory-memorandum/): Read the bill's clauses with the existing Act, then use the explanatory memorandum for meaning. The memorandum assists interpretation, not enacted law.
- [What a referendum changes—and what it does not](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-a-referendum-changes-and-what-it-does-not/): A federal referendum can approve a constitutional change through a double majority. It does not automatically enact all policy detail.
- [What the Australian Constitution does](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-the-australian-constitution-does/): The Constitution establishes the federal system and its core institutions, distributes selected powers and sets the rules for changing itself by referendum.
- [What parliamentary privilege means](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-parliamentary-privilege-means/): Privilege protects Parliament's ability to function, including protected proceedings and powers over interference — not a licence to ignore ordinary law.
- [How citizens can make a parliamentary submission](https://ozpolitics.au/government/how-citizens-can-make-a-parliamentary-submission/): Follow the committee's terms of reference, deadline and guidance. Address the questions with evidence, identify confidentiality concerns before submitting.
- [Federation and the division of powers](https://ozpolitics.au/government/federation-and-the-division-of-powers/): Australia's federal system divides powers between the Commonwealth and states, with the Constitution granting specific powers and states retaining the rest.
- [Question Time: purpose, rules and limits](https://ozpolitics.au/government/question-time-purpose-rules-and-limits/): Question Time is a daily forum where ministers answer without notice, governed by standing orders and political practice rather than sworn testimony.
- [The three levels of government and who controls what](https://ozpolitics.au/government/the-three-levels-of-government-and-who-controls-what/): Understand Commonwealth, state or territory, and local government responsibilities in Australia whether you are checking a policy claim or chasing a service.
- [How the government is formed after an election](https://ozpolitics.au/government/how-the-government-is-formed-after-an-election/): Step through the constitutional mechanics, conventions and practical steps that determine who forms government after a federal election in Australia.
- [The separation of powers in Australia](https://ozpolitics.au/government/the-separation-of-powers-in-australia/): How legislative, executive and judicial powers are divided across the Australian Parliament, the government and the courts, and where the boundaries overlap.
- [Majority, minority and hung parliaments explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/majority-minority-and-hung-parliaments-explained/): What majority, minority and hung parliaments are in Australia, how each is formed after a federal election and what they mean for governing.
- [What the House of Representatives does](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-the-house-of-representatives-does/): The House makes laws, scrutinises the executive, controls spending and determines who forms government. It is more than the Question Time chamber.
- [What the Prime Minister can and cannot do](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-the-prime-minister-can-and-cannot-do/): The PM leads the government and chairs Cabinet but acts within constitutional, parliamentary, party and federal constraints. Powerful, not presidential.
- [What the Senate does](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-the-senate-does/): The upper house of federal parliament. Reviews legislation, conducts inquiries and scrutinises executive actions. Government control is not automatic.
- [What ministers and departments do](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-ministers-and-departments-do/): Ministers are politically accountable for portfolios and make decisions under law. Departments provide administration and advice under the Public Service Act.
- [Why Australia has two houses of Parliament](https://ozpolitics.au/government/why-australia-has-two-houses-of-parliament/): Australia's bicameral Parliament blends population-based House representation with equal state Senate representation, requiring most laws to pass both.
- [Cabinet, caucus and the ministry: what is the difference?](https://ozpolitics.au/government/cabinet-caucus-and-the-ministry-what-is-the-difference/): Cabinet makes government decisions, the ministry includes all ministers, and caucus is the meeting of a party's parliamentary members under party rules.
- [How a bill becomes law](https://ozpolitics.au/government/how-a-bill-becomes-law/): A step-by-step guide to the Commonwealth legislative process, from a bill's introduction through parliamentary stages to Royal Assent and commencement.
- [What the Governor-General does](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-the-governor-general-does/): The Governor-General performs constitutional, ceremonial and community functions as the King's representative in Australia, mostly on ministerial advice.
- [What parliamentary committees do](https://ozpolitics.au/government/what-parliamentary-committees-do/): How parliamentary committees examine legislation, spending and policy through public submissions and hearings, and how their reports inform Parliament.
- [How federal courts fit into the system](https://ozpolitics.au/government/how-federal-courts-fit-into-the-system/): How the High Court and other federal courts exercise judicial power under Chapter III of the Constitution, separately from Parliament and the Executive.
- [Treasury Laws Amendment (Tax Reform No. 2) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/treasury-laws-amendment-tax-reform-no-2-bill-2026-explained/): Tax Reform No. 2 Bill 2026: loss carry-back for businesses, a permanent $20,000 instant asset write-off, and a PNG employment tax exemption.
- [Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder Commission of Inquiry Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/commonwealth-environmental-water-holder-commission-of-inquiry-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Ross Cadell's private bill proposes a commission of inquiry into the Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder's management of environmental water ho...
- [Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australian-criminal-intelligence-commission-bill-2026-explained/): The government's bill continues the ACIC as Australia's national criminal intelligence agency with realigned functions, including expanded powers around se...
- [Health Legislation Amendment (Improving Choice and Transparency for Private Health Consumers) Bill 2026: what it would change and who it would affect](https://ozpolitics.au/government/health-legislation-amendment-improving-choice-and-transparency-for-private-health-consumers-bill-2026-explained/): Would require publication of specialist fees and out-of-pocket costs, and give the health minister power to block private health insurance premium rises.
- [Environment and Other Legislation Amendment (Removing Nuclear Energy Prohibitions) Bill 2026: what the Canavan bill would actually do](https://ozpolitics.au/government/environment-and-other-legislation-amendment-removing-nuclear-energy-prohibitions-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Canavan's private bill would remove federal prohibitions on nuclear power by amending the ARPANS Act and EPBC Act. A private senator's bill before...
- [Fair Work Amendment (Right to Work from Home) Bill 2025: what Senator Pocock's proposal would mean for employees and employers](https://ozpolitics.au/government/fair-work-amendment-right-to-work-from-home-bill-2025-explained/): Would give employees a right to request working from home up to 2 days a week under the Fair Work Act. Before the Senate after committee referral.
- [Social Security and Other Legislation Amendment (Responding to Robodebt) Bill 2025: what it would change and why it matters](https://ozpolitics.au/government/social-security-and-other-legislation-amendment-responding-to-robodebt-bill-2025-explained/): Andrew Wilkie's private member's bill would legislate outstanding Robodebt Royal Commission recommendations on debt recovery, automated decisions and crisi...
- [Right to Protest Bill 2025: what it proposes and the debate over a statutory protest right](https://ozpolitics.au/government/right-to-protest-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Shoebridge's bill would recognise a statutory right to peaceful protest and override inconsistent state and territory anti-protest laws.
- [Digital ID Repeal Bill 2024: what it would undo and the argument against Australia's digital identity system](https://ozpolitics.au/government/digital-id-repeal-bill-2024-explained/): Six crossbench senators propose repealing the Digital ID Act 2024, arguing the 'voluntary' system would become effectively mandatory.
- [Defence Amendment (Parliamentary Approval of Overseas Service) Bill 2020: the proposal to require parliamentary sign-off for ADF deployments](https://ozpolitics.au/government/defence-amendment-parliamentary-approval-of-overseas-service-bill-2020-explained/): Senator Steele-John's bill would require both houses of Parliament to approve ADF overseas deployments, with emergency exceptions and regular reporting.
- [Anti-Discrimination Legislation Amendment (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Sex Characteristics Discrimination Commissioner) Bill 2026: what it would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/anti-discrimination-legislation-amendment-sexual-orientation-gender-identity-and-sex-characteristics-discrimination-commissioner-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill introduced 30 June 2026 would amend the Sex Discrimination Act 1984 to establish a dedicated LGBTIQA+ discrimination commissioner.
- [Statute Update Bill 2026 explained: what it would change and why it matters](https://ozpolitics.au/government/statute-update-bill-2026-explained/): Government bill making minor technical amendments to Commonwealth legislation. Passed the House; Senate committee reported 7 August 2026.
- [Aged Care Amendment (Restoring Human Override for Aged Care Needs Assessments) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/aged-care-amendment-restoring-human-override-for-aged-care-needs-assessments-bill-2026-explained/): Cross-party bill clarifying that aged care needs assessors may use professional discretion passed the Senate on 2 July 2026.
- [Secrecy Provisions Amendment (Repealing Offences) Bill 2026 Explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/secrecy-provisions-amendment-repealing-offences-bill-2026-explained/): The government's Secrecy Provisions Amendment Bill proposes replacing criminal offences for unauthorised disclosures by Commonwealth officers with a n.
- [Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission (National Policing Information Charges) Bill 2026 Explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australian-criminal-intelligence-commission-national-policing-information-charges-bill-2026-explained/): A companion to the ACIC Bill 2026, this Home Affairs portfolio measure would impose a national charge on criminal history checks coordinated by the Au.
- [Commonwealth Electoral Amendment (Banning Dirty Donations) Bill 2026 Explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/commonwealth-electoral-amendment-banning-dirty-donations-bill-2026-explained/): Greens Senator Steph Hodgins-May's private senator's bill proposes banning political donations from specified industries, capping all donations at $3,.
- [Mandatory Regulation Impact Statement Bill 2025: What Tyrrell's Proposal Would Change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/mandatory-regulation-impact-statement-bill-2025-explained/): Independent Senator Tammy Tyrrell's private bill seeks to make regulation impact statements a legal requirement for certain bills and legislative inst.
- [Higher Education Support Amendment (Fair Study and Opportunity) Bill 2025: Dai Le's Push to Cut Student Fees for Society and Culture Degrees](https://ozpolitics.au/government/higher-education-support-amendment-fair-study-and-opportunity-bill-2025-explained/): Independent MP Dai Le's private bill proposes reducing maximum student contributions for society and culture subjects, challenging the Job-ready Gradu.
- [Higher Education Support Amendment (End Dirty University Partnerships) Bill 2025: Faruqi's Proposal to Make Universities Divest from Prohibited Entities](https://ozpolitics.au/government/higher-education-support-amendment-end-dirty-university-partnerships-bill-2025-explained/): Greens Senator Mehreen Faruqi's bill would require publicly funded universities to disclose and divest from partnerships with weapons manufacturers, f.
- [National Housing and Homelessness Plan Bill 2024: Pocock's Blueprint for a Legislated Housing Strategy](https://ozpolitics.au/government/national-housing-and-homelessness-plan-bill-2024-explained/): Independent Senator David Pocock's bill would create a statutory National Housing and Homelessness Plan, a Consumer Council, and an independent Advoca.
- [Australian Education Legislation Amendment (Prohibiting the Indoctrination of Children) Bill 2020: Hanson's Curriculum Bill Through Three Parliaments](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australian-education-legislation-amendment-prohibiting-the-indoctrination-of-children-bill-2020-explained/): Pauline Hanson's long-running private bill seeks to mandate 'balanced presentation of opposing views' in school education and tie Commonwealth school .
- [Treasury Laws Amendment (Strengthening Accountability for Tax Adviser Misconduct and Other Measures) Bill 2026: what it would change and who it affects](https://ozpolitics.au/government/treasury-laws-amendment-strengthening-accountability-for-tax-adviser-misconduct-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): A Treasury bill introduced 2 July 2026 would tighten tax adviser accountability and change foreign resident CGT and merger rules. Before the House.
- [Wine and Other Legislation Amendment Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/wine-and-other-legislation-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill before the Senate would amend the Wine Australia Act 2013 for industry surveys and information use, add a mandatory wine grape code, and amend levies collection laws.
- [Private Health Insurance Amendment (Modernising the Private Health Insurance Rebate) Bill 2026: what it would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/private-health-insurance-amendment-modernising-the-private-health-insurance-rebate-bill-2026-explained/): A health bill introduced 25 June 2026 would modernise the private health insurance rebate. Referred to a Senate committee reporting by October 2026.
- [Health Insurance Amendment (Incentive Payments and Other Measures) Bill 2026: incentive payment framework and Medicare renaming explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/health-insurance-amendment-incentive-payments-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): This bill would create health incentive payment programs and rename the Health Insurance Act to the Medicare Act. Passed the House, now before the Senate.
- [National Disability Insurance Scheme Amendment (Securing the NDIS for Future Generations) Bill 2026: what it would change and who it affects](https://ozpolitics.au/government/national-disability-insurance-scheme-amendment-securing-the-ndis-for-future-generations-bill-2026-explained/): An NDIS reform bill passed the House with 30 amendments. It would tighten eligibility, introduce plan end dates and expand fraud enforcement. Before Senate.
- [Online Safety Amendment (Fix Our Feeds) Bill 2026: what it proposes and where it stands](https://ozpolitics.au/government/online-safety-amendment-fix-our-feeds-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Hanson-Young's private bill would require platforms to offer algorithm opt-outs and impose risk-management obligations. Before the Senate.
- [Prime Agricultural Land Protection Bill 2026 (No. 2): Canavan's Push to Shield Farmland from Development](https://ozpolitics.au/government/prime-agricultural-land-protection-bill-2026-no-2-explained/): Nationals Senator Canavan's private bill would establish a framework to identify and protect prime agricultural land from development. Before the Senate.
- [Environment and Other Legislation Amendment (Low Emissions Future) Bill 2025 Explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/environment-and-other-legislation-amendment-low-emissions-future-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Hume's private bill would remove Australia's nuclear energy moratorium and let ARENA and the CEFC support nuclear technologies. Before the Senate.
- [Climate Change (National Framework for Adaptation) Bill 2025: what it would create and how it would work](https://ozpolitics.au/government/climate-change-national-framework-for-adaptation-bill-2025-explained/): Zali Steggall's private bill would create a national climate adaptation authority, mandatory risk assessments and rolling adaptation plans. Before the House.
- [Lobbying (Improving Government Honesty and Trust) Bill 2025: what it would change about lobbyist rules](https://ozpolitics.au/government/lobbying-improving-government-honesty-and-trust-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Pocock's bill would put lobbying regulation on a statutory footing with enforceable rules for lobbyist-government dealings. Before the Senate.
- [Commission of Inquiry into Antisemitism at Australian Universities Bill 2024: what it would establish](https://ozpolitics.au/government/commission-of-inquiry-into-antisemitism-at-australian-universities-bill-2024-explained/): Senator Henderson's bill would establish a royal commission-style inquiry into antisemitism at Australian universities. Before the Senate as of July 2026.
- [Broadcasting Services Amendment (Audio Description) Bill 2019: what it would require of broadcasters](https://ozpolitics.au/government/broadcasting-services-amendment-audio-description-bill-2019-explained/): Senator Steele-John's bill would require broadcasters to provide minimum audio description for blind and vision-impaired viewers. Before Senate since 2019.
- [Therapeutic Goods Amendment (Medicines Shortages and Other Measures) Bill 2026: What it proposes and who it affects](https://ozpolitics.au/government/therapeutic-goods-amendment-medicines-shortages-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): The Therapeutic Goods Amendment (Medicines Shortages and Other Measures) Bill 2026 would strengthen medicines shortage reporting, create common biologicals.
- [Trade and Investment Agreements (Consultation) Bill 2026: What a private senator's bill proposes for trade transparency](https://ozpolitics.au/government/trade-and-investment-agreements-consultation-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill would create a Trade Advisory Group, require independent analysis of free trade agreements, and mandate public accountability.
- [Major Sporting Events (Indicia and Images) Protection Amendment Bill 2026: Moving from schedules to rules for Brisbane 2032 and beyond](https://ozpolitics.au/government/major-sporting-events-indicia-and-images-protection-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): This bill would let future major events, including Brisbane 2032, be protected by legislative rules rather than a new Act for each event.
- [Customs Tariff Amendment (Incorporation of Proposals) Bill (No. 1) 2026: Nuisance tariffs abolished, Russia duties extended, Ukraine relief continued](https://ozpolitics.au/government/customs-tariff-amendment-incorporation-of-proposals-bill-no-1-2026-explained/): The Customs Tariff Amendment Bill would set about 500 nuisance tariffs to free, extend the 35% additional duty on Russian and Belarusian goods to October 2.
- [Defence Force Discipline Amendment (RCDVS Implementation and Related Measures No. 1) Bill 2026 explained: military justice reforms, mental health tribunal and historical offence expungement](https://ozpolitics.au/government/defence-force-discipline-amendment-rcdvs-implementation-and-related-measures-no-1-bill-2026-explained/): What the Defence Force Discipline Amendment Bill 2026 proposes: Royal Commission suicide prevention reforms, a new Defence Mental Health Tribunal, and expu.
- [Interactive Gambling Amendment (Stop the Gambling Ads) Bill 2026 explained: what Kate Chaney's gambling advertising ban would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/interactive-gambling-amendment-stop-the-gambling-ads-bill-2026-explained/): Kate Chaney's private member's bill proposes a phased ban on advertising for licensed interactive wagering services across broadcast, digital and stadium m.
- [Crimes and Other Legislation Amendment (Omnibus No. 1) Bill 2026 explained: AFP airport powers, drug threshold changes and extradition reforms](https://ozpolitics.au/government/crimes-and-other-legislation-amendment-omnibus-no-1-bill-2026-explained/): What the government's omnibus bill proposes across six schedules: AFP powers at Sydney West Airport, drug quantity threshold reforms, DPP conflict rules, e.
- [Online Safety Amendment (Broadening Adult Cyber Abuse Protections) Bill 2026 explained: lowering the threshold for eSafety takedown orders](https://ozpolitics.au/government/online-safety-amendment-broadening-adult-cyber-abuse-protections-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Fatima Payman's private senator's bill proposes lowering the threshold for adult cyber abuse complaints to the eSafety Commissioner after only 6% o.
- [Repeal Net Zero Bill 2025 [No. 2]: Senator Canavan's proposal to unwind Australia's climate legislation explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/repeal-net-zero-bill-2025-no-2-explained/): Senator Canavan's private bill would repeal five climate-related Acts including the Climate Change Act 2022 and Net Zero Economy Authority Act 2024, and am.
- [Parliamentary Joint Committee on Public Consultancy and Services Contracts Bill 2025: new oversight for billion-dollar government consultancy spending](https://ozpolitics.au/government/parliamentary-joint-committee-on-public-consultancy-and-services-contracts-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Colbeck's bill would create an 8-member joint committee to scrutinise Commonwealth consultancy contracts, with mandatory referral for contracts ove.
- [Whistleblower Protection Authority Bill 2025: Pocock and Lambie's proposal for an independent whistleblower body explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/whistleblower-protection-authority-bill-2025-explained/): This cross-bench bill would create an independent Whistleblower Protection Authority with a Commissioner, enforcement powers, and an advisory board — a new.
- [Competition and Consumer Amendment (Divestiture Powers) Bill 2024: Senator McKim's defeated supermarket divestiture push explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/competition-and-consumer-amendment-divestiture-powers-bill-2024-explained/): Senator McKim's bill would let courts order corporations to divest assets for misusing market power, but the Senate negatived the second reading on 26 June.
- [Plebiscite (Future Migration Level) Bill 2018: what it proposed and why it did not proceed](https://ozpolitics.au/government/plebiscite-future-migration-level-bill-2018-explained/): Senator Pauline Hanson's 2018 private bill proposed a national plebiscite on whether immigration is too high, to be held alongside the next federal election.
- [Therapeutic Goods (Charges) Amendment Bill 2026: what it would change and who it affects](https://ozpolitics.au/government/therapeutic-goods-charges-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): The Therapeutic Goods (Charges) Amendment Bill 2026 enables annual charges for grouped biological entries in the ARTG, reducing regulatory costs. Here's wh…
- [Social Security and Other Legislation Amendment (Technical Changes No. 2) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/social-security-and-other-legislation-amendment-technical-changes-no-2-bill-2026-explained/): The Social Security and Other Legislation Amendment (Technical Changes No. 2) Bill 2026 makes technical and administrative amendments to social security law.
- [Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Amendment (Local Industry Preference) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/public-governance-performance-and-accountability-amendment-local-industry-preference-bill-2026-explained/): Dai Le's private member's bill would amend the PGPA Act so domestic manufacturers are considered before non-domestic firms in specified Commonwealth tenders.
- [Defence Legislation Amendment (RCDVS Implementation and Related Measures No. 2) Bill 2026: what it would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/defence-legislation-amendment-rcdvs-implementation-and-related-measures-no-2-bill-2026-explained/): Responds to Royal Commission into Defence and Veteran Suicide: information sharing, health services, family support and ADF eligibility; before the Senate.
- [Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Amendment (Supporting Small Businesses To Be Paid On Time) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/public-governance-performance-and-accountability-amendment-supporting-small-businesses-to-be-paid-on-time-bill-2026-explained/): Allegra Spender's private member's bill would bar the Commonwealth from contracting with businesses that pay small suppliers late.
- [Aviation Consumer Protection Levy Bill 2026: how the new passenger protection system will be funded](https://ozpolitics.au/government/aviation-consumer-protection-levy-bill-2026-explained/): The Aviation Consumer Protection Levy Bill 2026 imposes an annual levy on airlines and airports to fund Australia's new consumer watchdog for air travel. H…
- [Australian Citizenship Amendment (Stripping Terrorists of Australian Citizenship) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australian-citizenship-amendment-stripping-terrorists-of-australian-citizenship-bill-2026-explained/): Barnaby Joyce's private member's bill would let courts strip dual nationals of Australian citizenship upon conviction for terrorism offences. Here is what…
- [Flags Amendment (Protection of Australian National Flags) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/flags-amendment-protection-of-australian-national-flags-bill-2026-explained/): Nationals MP Pat Conaghan's private member's bill would criminalise the burning or desecration of the Australian flag with fines up to $16,500 or 12 months…
- [Telecommunications Legislation Amendment (Universal Outdoor Mobile Obligation) Bill 2025 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/telecommunications-legislation-amendment-universal-outdoor-mobile-obligation-bill-2025-explained/): The Universal Outdoor Mobile Obligation Bill 2025 would guarantee baseline outdoor mobile coverage for all Australians. Here's what it proposes and the scr…
- [Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Amendment (Ban Unethical Contractors) Bill 2025 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/public-governance-performance-and-accountability-amendment-ban-unethical-contractors-bill-2025-explained/): Greens Senator Barbara Pocock's private senator's bill would ban Commonwealth procurement contracts with suppliers who have engaged in unethical conduct. H…
- [Electoral Legislation Amendment (Electoral Communications) Bill 2025 (No. 2): truth in political advertising, deepfakes and the end of the media blackout](https://ozpolitics.au/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-electoral-communications-bill-2025-no-2-explained/): Independent Senator David Pocock's bill would ban materially misleading electoral matter including deepfakes, require AI disclosure, create an Electoral Co…
- [Great Australian Bight (World Heritage Protection) Bill 2025 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/great-australian-bight-world-heritage-protection-bill-2025-explained/): Greens Senator Sarah Hanson-Young's bill would ban mining in the Great Australian Bight and require the government to seek UNESCO World Heritage listing. H…
- [Human Rights (Parliamentary Scrutiny) Amendment (Consideration of UNDRIP) Bill 2023 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/human-rights-parliamentary-scrutiny-amendment-consideration-of-undrip-bill-2023-explained/): Independent Senator Lidia Thorpe's bill would require all Commonwealth legislation to include a Statement of Compatibility with UNDRIP. Here's what it mean…
- [Landholders' Right to Refuse (Gas and Coal) Bill 2015: what it proposes and why it keeps returning](https://ozpolitics.au/government/landholders-right-to-refuse-gas-and-coal-bill-2015-explained/): Greens Senator Larissa Waters' bill, first introduced in 2015 and restored to the 48th Parliament, would give landholders the right to refuse gas and coal…
- [National Self-exclusion Register (Cost Recovery Levy) Amendment Bill 2026: what it would change and how BetStop would be funded](https://ozpolitics.au/government/national-self-exclusion-register-cost-recovery-levy-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): Reviews the proposed expansion of BetStop cost recovery to cover promotion and Department expenses, part of the government's broader gambling reform
- [Biosecurity Amendment (Improving Operational Efficiency) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/biosecurity-amendment-improving-operational-efficiency-bill-2026-explained/): Would update traveller biosecurity information requirements and approved arrangement processes under the Biosecurity Act 2015, supporting the digital Australia Travel Declaration.
- [Online Safety Amendment (Strengthening Enforcement for the Social Media Minimum Age) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/online-safety-amendment-strengthening-enforcement-for-the-social-media-minimum-age-bill-2026-explained/): Reviews the proposed strengthening of enforcement powers for Australia's social media minimum age framework, which passed both houses in September 2026 and awaits Royal Assent.
- [Commonwealth Electoral Amendment (Voter Protections in Political Advertising) Bill 2026: Zali Steggall's private member's bill explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/commonwealth-electoral-amendment-voter-protections-in-political-advertising-bill-2026-explained/): Zali Steggall's private member's bill would ban misleading or deceptive electoral matter and add transparency rules for political advertising.
- [Regulatory Reform Omnibus Bill 2026: what it would change across 28 Commonwealth Acts](https://ozpolitics.au/government/regulatory-reform-omnibus-bill-2026-explained/): The Regulatory Reform Omnibus Bill 2026 proposes to amend or repeal 28 Commonwealth Acts to cut red tape, expand tell-us-once data sharing and make
- [Aviation Consumer Protection Levy (Collection) Bill 2026: how it would fund airline passenger protections](https://ozpolitics.au/government/aviation-consumer-protection-levy-collection-bill-2026-explained/): The Aviation Consumer Protection Levy (Collection) Bill 2026 proposes a levy on airline operators to fund the new aviation consumer protection framework.
- [Criminal Code Amendment (Flag Protection) Bill 2026: Rebekha Sharkie's proposed offence explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/criminal-code-amendment-flag-protection-bill-2026-explained/): Rebekha Sharkie MP's private bill would create a Commonwealth offence for mistreatment of the Australian, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander flags.
- [Defence Amendment (Sexual Assault Prevention, Intervention and Response Commission) Bill 2025: Jacqui Lambie's proposed Defence oversight body](https://ozpolitics.au/government/defence-amendment-sexual-assault-prevention-intervention-and-response-commission-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Jacqui Lambie's private bill would establish a Sexual Assault Prevention, Intervention and Response Commission as an independent statutory
- [Housing Australia Amendment (Accountability) Bill 2025: what it would change and why it was introduced](https://ozpolitics.au/government/housing-australia-amendment-accountability-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Andrew Bragg's private bill would subject the Housing Australia Investment Mandate — including the Home Guarantee Scheme — to parliamentary
- [Criminal Code Amendment (Using Technology to Generate Child Abuse Material) Bill 2025: new offences proposed for AI-generated abuse material](https://ozpolitics.au/government/criminal-code-amendment-using-technology-to-generate-child-abuse-material-bill-2025-explained/): Independent MP Kate Chaney's private member's bill would create new Commonwealth offences for using a carriage service to generate child abuse material
- [Tertiary Education Legislation Amendment (There For Education, Not Profit) Bill 2025: proposed restrictions on for-profit higher education providers](https://ozpolitics.au/government/tertiary-education-legislation-amendment-there-for-education-not-profit-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Jacqui Lambie's private bill would amend tertiary education laws to restrict for-profit providers' access to Commonwealth funding and student
- [Electoral Legislation Amendment (Fairer Contracts and Grants) Bill 2023: proposed ban on political donations from government contractors](https://ozpolitics.au/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-fairer-contracts-and-grants-bill-2023-explained/): Greens Senator Larissa Waters' bill would ban political donations from corporations with government contracts or grants, and their close associates.
- [Interactive Gambling Amendment (Gambling Reform) Bill 2026: advertising bans, BetStop, online keno and offshore enforcement explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/interactive-gambling-amendment-gambling-reform-bill-2026-explained/): Government bill restricting gambling ads, expanding BetStop and banning online keno; passed both houses on 19 August 2026; awaiting Royal Assent.
- [Australia's Foreign Relations (State and Territory Arrangements) Amendment Bill 2026: strengthening national-interest oversight of subnational foreign deals](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australia-s-foreign-relations-state-and-territory-arrangements-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): Bill to strengthen national-interest oversight of foreign arrangements; PJCIS advisory report presented and second reading debate resumed on 19 August 2026.
- [Higher Education Support Amendment (Fix HECS) Bill 2026: moving the indexation date from 1 June to 1 November explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/higher-education-support-amendment-fix-hecs-bill-2026-explained/): Monique Ryan's private member's bill would move the HECS indexation date from 1 June to 1 November so repayments made during the year are credited first.
- [Carbon Credits (Carbon Farming Initiative) Amendment Bill 2026: the private bill challenging the Great Koala National Park carbon methodology](https://ozpolitics.au/government/carbon-credits-carbon-farming-initiative-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): Independent MP Alison Penfold's bill would require the Minister to weigh integrity matters before approving carbon offset methodologies.
- [Telecommunications Legislation Amendment (Strengthening Communications in Natural Disasters) Bill 2026: temporary roaming, backup power and grant changes explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/telecommunications-legislation-amendment-strengthening-communications-in-natural-disasters-bill-2026-explained/): Independent MP Helen Haines's private bill requires minimum backup power at high-risk mobile sites, enables temporary disaster roaming, and makes disaster.
- [Extended Producer Responsibility Scheme for Packaging (No Time to Waste) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/extended-producer-responsibility-scheme-for-packaging-no-time-to-waste-bill-2026-explained/): Greens Senator's bill for mandatory packaging EPR scheme shifting waste costs from councils to producers. Before Senate, committee reports 6 Aug 2026.
- [Aviation Consumer Protection Bill 2026: new complaint scheme and noise ombudsperson explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/aviation-consumer-protection-bill-2026-explained/): Government bill establishing airline passenger rights: cash refunds for cancellations, delay compensation, independent ombuds. Passed House, before Senate.
- [Protecting Australia's Prime Agricultural Land Bill 2026: what Andrew Gee's proposal would do](https://ozpolitics.au/government/protecting-australia-s-prime-agricultural-land-bill-2026-explained/): Independent MP Gee's private bill prohibiting non-agricultural use of prime farmland, responding to renewable energy and mining concerns. Before the House.
- [Offshore Petroleum and Greenhouse Gas Storage Amendment (Domestic Reserve) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/offshore-petroleum-and-greenhouse-gas-storage-amendment-domestic-reserve-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Hanson's bill requiring offshore gas producers to reserve domestic supply via mandatory Commonwealth agreements. Before Senate, referred to committee.
- [Transparent and Quality Public Appointments Bill 2026: independent selection panels for government roles explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/transparent-and-quality-public-appointments-bill-2026-explained/): Independent MP Scamps' bill for Independent Selection Panels, a Public Appointments Commissioner and parliamentary committee for merit-based appointments.
- [Unlocking Supply of Family Homes Bill 2025: how expanding downsizer super contributions would work](https://ozpolitics.au/government/unlocking-supply-of-family-homes-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Hume's bill lowering downsizer contribution age to 50, extending the window to one year, and raising the maximum from $300k to $500k under super law.
- [Road Vehicle Standards Amendment (Safer E-Bikes) Bill 2025: what the proposed national e-bike regulation would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/road-vehicle-standards-amendment-safer-e-bikes-bill-2025-explained/): Independent MP Scamps' bill to classify e-bikes as road vehicles with national safety standards covering speed, power output and battery requirements.
- [Australian Security Intelligence Organisation Amendment Bill (No. 2) 2025: making ASIO's compulsory questioning powers permanent and what it means](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australian-security-intelligence-organisation-amendment-bill-no-2-2025-explained/): Government bill making ASIO compulsory questioning powers permanent, expanding adult warrant scope, requiring retired judges for post-charge questioning.
- [Superannuation Guarantee (Frontline Emergency Service Workers) Bill 2025: what a 4.4 per cent super boost for firefighters and paramedics would mean](https://ozpolitics.au/government/superannuation-guarantee-administration-amendment-frontline-emergency-service-workers-bill-2025-explained/): Greens Senator McKim's bill raising firefighter and paramedic superannuation guarantee rate by 4.4% to match ADF base rates. Before Senate.
- [Copyright Legislation Amendment (Fair Pay for Radio Play) Bill 2023: removing the cap on what radio pays artists](https://ozpolitics.au/government/copyright-legislation-amendment-fair-pay-for-radio-play-bill-2023-explained/): Senator Pocock's bill removing Copyright Tribunal caps on radio royalties, enabling market-rate determination for sound recording owners and the ABC.
- [Commonwealth Land (Affordable Housing) Bill 2026: What Senator Pocock's Proposal Would Change for Housing on Public Land](https://ozpolitics.au/government/commonwealth-land-affordable-housing-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Pocock's bill would require 30% affordable housing on Commonwealth land sold to private developers, managed by non-profit community housing providers.
- [Aged Care Legislation Amendment (Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Aged Care Commissioner and Other Measures) Bill 2026 Explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/aged-care-legislation-amendment-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-aged-care-commissioner-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): Establishes an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Aged Care Commissioner and permanent system rules for provider refunds and accommodation payment choice.
- [Workplace Relations Legislation Amendment (Clearing the Fair Work Commission Backlog) Bill 2026 Explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/workplace-relations-legislation-amendment-clearing-the-fair-work-commission-backlog-bill-2026-explained/): Senator Hume's bill would let the FWC dismiss vexatious applications, decide matters on the papers, and set thresholds for road transport contractors.
- [Sex Discrimination Amendment (Sex-based Rights) Bill 2026: What MP Alison Penfold's Proposal Would Change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/sex-discrimination-amendment-sex-based-rights-bill-2026-explained/): Alison Penfold's bill would redefine Sex Discrimination Act terms to recognise biological sex and protect women-only spaces under proposed new section 32A.
- [Aviation Consumer Protection (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/aviation-consumer-protection-consequential-amendments-and-transitional-provisions-bill-2026-explained/): Companion to the aviation consumer bill, amending 18 Acts to create the Aircraft Noise Ombudsman and transition from the Airservices Australia noise office.
- [Combatting Illicit Tobacco Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/combatting-illicit-tobacco-bill-2026-explained/): The Government's bill would increase illicit tobacco penalties, enable interception warrants for tobacco crime, and expand unexplained wealth order powers.
- [Prime Agricultural Land Protection Bill 2026 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/prime-agricultural-land-protection-bill-2026-explained/): Alison Penfold's private bill would protect prime agricultural land from incompatible development through a statutory framework and commissioner.
- [A New Tax System (Family Assistance) Amendment (No Jab No Pay Repeal) Bill 2025: What Senator Antic's Bill Would Change for Child Care Subsidy Immunisation Rules](https://ozpolitics.au/government/a-new-tax-system-family-assistance-amendment-no-jab-no-pay-repeal-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Antic's bill would amend family assistance law to allow conscientious objection and age exemptions from immunisation rules for the child care subsidy.
- [The Australia Day Bill 2025: legislating 26 January as the national day explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australia-day-bill-2025-explained/): Henry Pike's private bill would legislate Australia Day on 26 January as the national day, setting the date in Commonwealth legislation for the first time.
- [The Therapeutic Goods Amendment Bill 2025: a minor technical fix to medicines regulation explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/therapeutic-goods-amendment-bill-2025-explained/): A minor technical amendment to the Therapeutic Goods Act 1989 under the Prime Minister's portfolio, making administrative corrections without policy change.
- [Remuneration Tribunal Amendment (There For Public Service, Not Profit) Bill 2025: Senator Lambie's Proposal to Cap Senior Public Office Holder Pay](https://ozpolitics.au/government/remuneration-tribunal-amendment-there-for-public-service-not-profit-bill-2025-explained/): Senator Lambie's bill would cap senior public office holder salaries at five times average weekly earnings, amending the Remuneration Tribunal Act 1973.
- [The Lowering the Voting Age Bill 2023: Greens proposal for votes at 16 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-lowering-the-voting-age-bill-2023-explained/): Senator Steele-John's bill would lower the federal voting age from 18 to 16, with voluntary voting for 16-17 year olds and expanded provisional voting access.
- [Cash Distribution Framework Bill 2026: what it would change and who would be affected](https://ozpolitics.au/government/cash-distribution-framework-bill-2026-explained/): The cash distribution framework bill passed both Houses on 20 August 2026 after the House agreed to a Senate amendment, and it now awaits Royal Assent.
- [Administrative and Judicial Review Legislation Amendment Bill 2026: what it would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/administrative-and-judicial-review-legislation-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): The Administrative and Judicial Review Legislation Amendment Bill 2026 proposes changes to how individuals can challenge government decisions.
- [Customs Amendment (Safeguard Inquiries) Bill 2026: what it would change about trade remedy investigations](https://ozpolitics.au/government/customs-amendment-safeguard-inquiries-bill-2026-explained/): Bill 2026 would move safeguard inquiries from the Productivity Commission to the renamed Australian Trade Remedies Commission.
- [Andrew Wilkie's Human Rights Bill 2026: what a national human rights framework would look like](https://ozpolitics.au/government/human-rights-bill-2026-explained/): Independent MP Andrew Wilkie's Human Rights Bill 2026 proposes to give effect to Australia's international human rights obligations in domestic law and exp.
- [Australian Centre for Disease Control Amendment (Gambling as a Public Health Issue) Bill 2026 explained: what it would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/australian-centre-for-disease-control-amendment-gambling-as-a-public-health-issue-bill-2026-explained/): Monique Ryan MP's private member's bill would require the Australian CDC to treat gambling harm as a public health matter.
- [Social Media Minimum Age Repeal Bill 2025: what it would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/social-media-minimum-age-repeal-bill-2025-explained/): A private senators' bill to remove minimum age requirements for social media from the Online Safety Act 2021 — what it proposes, who backs it, and where it.
- [Telecommunications Amendment (Enhancing Consumer Safeguards) Bill 2025 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/telecommunications-amendment-enhancing-consumer-safeguards-bill-2025-explained/): A government bill to create a carriage service provider registration scheme and give ACMA direct enforcement powers over industry codes — what it means for.
- [Fair Work Amendment (Paid Reproductive Health Leave and Flexible Work Arrangements) Bill 2025 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/fair-work-amendment-paid-reproductive-health-leave-and-flexible-work-arrangements-bill-2025-explained/): A Greens bill proposing 12 days of paid reproductive health leave and flexible work for menopause — what it would change and where it stands.
- [Electoral Legislation Amendment (Fair Territory Representation) Bill 2024 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-fair-territory-representation-bill-2024-explained/): David Pocock's bill to increase ACT and NT Senate representation — what it proposes, why it matters, and where it stands in the parliamentary process.
- [Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Amendment (Climate Trigger) Bill 2022 explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/environment-protection-and-biodiversity-conservation-amendment-climate-trigger-bill-2022-explained/): Sarah Hanson-Young's long-running bill to add a climate trigger to Australia's national environment law — how it would work and where it stands after years.
- [Cash Distribution Framework (Consequential Amendments and Transitional Provisions) Bill 2026: what it would change and who it affects](https://ozpolitics.au/government/cash-distribution-framework-consequential-amendments-and-transitional-provisions-bill-2026-explained/): Companion bill to the Cash Distribution Framework Bill 2026 — gives the ACCC transitional powers to safeguard cash distribution while the new framework tak...
- [Universities Accord (Opening the Doors of Opportunity) Bill 2026: what it proposes for Australian higher education](https://ozpolitics.au/government/universities-accord-opening-the-doors-of-opportunity-bill-2026-explained/): $3.6B for managed growth and needs-based university funding, creating 16,000+ extra Commonwealth supported places yearly for disadvantaged students.
- [Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder Commission of Inquiry Bill 2026 (No. 2): what the proposed inquiry would investigate](https://ozpolitics.au/government/commonwealth-environmental-water-holder-commission-of-inquiry-bill-2026-no-2-explained/): Private member's bill proposes a commission of inquiry into the Commonwealth Environmental Water Holder's management, performance and environmental outcomes.
- [Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing Amendment Bill 2026: new AUSTRAC powers explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/anti-money-laundering-and-counter-terrorism-financing-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): Government bill expands AUSTRAC's powers to restrict high-risk services, updates terrorism financing definitions, and makes technical fixes to AML/CTF laws.
- [Online Safety and Other Legislation Amendment (My Face, My Rights) Bill 2025: deepfake protections explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/online-safety-and-other-legislation-amendment-my-face-my-rights-bill-2025-explained/): Senator David Pocock's private bill creates a complaints regime for non-consensual deepfakes and a privacy tort for wrongful use of digitally altered content.
- [Social Security and Other Legislation Amendment (Responding to Robodebt) Bill 2025 [No. 2]: what the bill would change](https://ozpolitics.au/government/social-security-and-other-legislation-amendment-responding-to-robodebt-bill-2025-no-2-explained/): Senator Allman-Payne's private bill implements Robodebt Royal Commission recommendations by amending social security laws on debt recovery and information .
- [Crimes Amendment (Repeal Mandatory Minimum Sentences) Bill 2025: removing mandatory minimums explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/crimes-amendment-repeal-mandatory-minimum-sentences-bill-2025-explained/): Greens Senator Mehreen Faruqi's private bill removes mandatory minimum sentences from the Crimes Act 1914, restoring judicial sentencing discretion.
- [Interactive Gambling Amendment (Ban Gambling Ads) Bill 2024: what the proposed advertising prohibition would do](https://ozpolitics.au/government/interactive-gambling-amendment-ban-gambling-ads-bill-2024-explained/): Greens Senator Sarah Hanson-Young's private bill proposes a staged ban on advertising for licensed interactive wagering services under the Interactive Gamb.
- [Customs Legislation Amendment (Commercial Greyhound Export and Import Prohibition) Bill 2021: ending the international greyhound trade explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/customs-legislation-amendment-commercial-greyhound-export-and-import-prohibition-bill-2021-explained/): Greens Senator Mehreen Faruqi's bill prohibits export and import of greyhounds for racing, breeding and commercial purposes under customs regulations.
- [Criminal Code Amendment (Equal Access to Voluntary Assisted Dying) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/criminal-code-amendment-equal-access-to-voluntary-assisted-dying-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill to clarify that telehealth consultations for voluntary assisted dying under state and territory laws are not federal offences.
- [Firearms Legislation Amendment (Repealing Unfair Gun Laws) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/firearms-legislation-amendment-repealing-unfair-gun-laws-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill to repeal the National Gun Buyback Scheme and restore Commonwealth firearms law to its pre-2026 position.
- [News Journalism Payments (Consequential Amendments) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/news-journalism-payments-consequential-amendments-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill making consequential amendments to the Competition and Consumer Act 2010 to support the new News Journalism Payment Scheme.
- [News Journalism Payments Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/news-journalism-payments-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill establishing a statutory payment scheme that distributes news bargaining incentive revenue to eligible news organisations.
- [News Media Bargaining (Administration) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/news-media-bargaining-administration-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill to administer the News Media Incentive charge on large digital platforms, complementing the news media bargaining charge and payment…
- [News Media Bargaining Charge Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/news-media-bargaining-charge-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill imposing a news media bargaining charge on large digital platforms that provide significant social media or search services.
- [Passenger Movement Charge Amendment Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/passenger-movement-charge-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill to raise the passenger movement charge to $80; its second reading debate resumed in the House on 19 August 2026.
- [Treasury Laws Amendment (News Media Bargaining) (Consequential) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/treasury-laws-amendment-news-media-bargaining-consequential-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill making consequential amendments to tax and review legislation to support the new News Media Bargaining (Administration) Act 2026.
- [Treasury Laws Amendment (Removing the Widows and Spouses Tax) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/treasury-laws-amendment-removing-the-widows-and-spouses-tax-bill-2026-explained/): A private senators' bill to preserve grandfathered tax concessions when jointly held investment property transfers on death or divorce.
- [Wage Justice for Early Childhood Education and Care Workers (Special Account) (Extending Support and Strengthening Safety) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/wage-justice-early-childhood-education-and-care-workers-special-account-extending-support-and-strengthening-safety-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill to extend the ECEC worker retention payment special account and add child safety funding for the sector.
- [Counter-Terrorism Legislation Amendment Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/counter-terrorism-legislation-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill to extend and amend Commonwealth counter-terrorism powers; its second reading debate resumed in the House on 19 August 2026.
- [House of Representatives, 11 August 2026: what the proof Hansard records](https://ozpolitics.au/government/house-of-representatives-proof-11-august-2026/): A review of the proof Hansard for the House of Representatives sitting of 11 August 2026, covering business rearrangement, bills, divisions and statements.
- [Protecting Australians from Foreign Terrorist Fighters Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/protecting-australians-from-foreign-terrorist-fighters-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill to create foreign terrorist fighter exclusion orders and strengthen passport and bail laws for terrorism-related offences.
- [Superannuation Legislation Amendment (Fair Super for Young Workers) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/superannuation-legislation-amendment-fair-super-for-young-workers-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill to extend the superannuation guarantee to workers under 18 who work fewer than 30 hours a week.
- [House of Representatives, 17 August 2026: what the proof Hansard records](https://ozpolitics.au/government/house-of-representatives-proof-17-august-2026/): A review of the proof Hansard for the House of Representatives sitting of 17 August 2026, covering question time, an attempted censure motion and bills.
- [Human Rights (Children Born Alive Protection) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/human-rights-children-born-alive-protection-bill-2026-explained/): A private member's bill to require medical care for children born alive after a termination, with an offence for breaching that duty.
- [Interactive Gambling (Cost Recovery Levy) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/interactive-gambling-cost-recovery-levy-bill-2026-explained/): The levy bill to fund ACMA's enforcement of new wagering advertising reforms passed both houses on 19 August 2026 and was awaiting Royal Assent as of 21 August 2026.
- [Broadcasting Services Amendment (Register of Media Interests) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/broadcasting-services-amendment-register-of-media-interests-bill-2026-explained/): A Senate bill that would create an ACMA-run Register of Media Interests requiring media entities and staff to disclose interests that could bias reporting.
- [Crimes Amendment (Prohibiting Shackling During Childbirth) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/crimes-amendment-prohibiting-shackling-during-childbirth-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill would amend the Crimes Act 1914 to prohibit the restraint of people giving birth, introduced in the Senate on 18 August 2026.
- [Crimes Amendment (Prohibiting the Strip Searching of Children) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/crimes-amendment-prohibiting-the-strip-searching-of-children-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill would amend the Crimes Act 1914 to prohibit the strip searching of children under 18; introduced in the Senate on 18 August 2026.
- [House of Representatives, 18 August 2026: what the proof Hansard records](https://ozpolitics.au/government/house-of-representatives-proof-18-august-2026/): A review of the proof Hansard for the House of Representatives sitting of 18 August 2026, covering question time, the gambling reform package and other bills.
- [Carbon Credits and Other Legislation Amendment (Integrity and Transparency) Bill 2026: what it proposes](https://ozpolitics.au/government/carbon-credits-and-other-legislation-amendment-integrity-and-transparency-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill introduced on 20 August 2026 that would overhaul ACCU Scheme governance, native title consent, carbon purchasing and NGER transparency.
- [Criminal Code Amendment (National Sport Integrity Offences) Bill 2026: match-fixing offences explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/criminal-code-amendment-national-sport-integrity-offences-bill-2026-explained/): A government bill introduced on 20 August 2026 that would create seven Commonwealth offences for match-fixing and related conduct, following the Wood Review.
- [House of Representatives Proof Hansard, 20 August 2026: what the chamber did](https://ozpolitics.au/government/house-of-representatives-proof-20-august-2026/): The House on 20 August 2026 passed five bills, agreed to a Senate amendment to the Cash Distribution Framework Bill and reported gambling bills.
- [Migration Amendment (Overseas Organ Transplant Disclosure) Bill 2026: what it would require](https://ozpolitics.au/government/migration-amendment-overseas-organ-transplant-disclosure-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill adding overseas organ transplant questions to incoming passenger cards, introduced 20 August 2026.
- [Fair Work Amendment (Disqualified Officers) Bill 2026: removing the five-year limit on CFMEU administrator bans](https://ozpolitics.au/government/fair-work-amendment-disqualified-officers-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill, introduced 19 August 2026, removing the five-year limit on disciplinary action available to the CFMEU administrator.
- [Housing Australia Amendment (Transparency and Reporting) Bill 2026: quarterly reporting explained](https://ozpolitics.au/government/housing-australia-amendment-transparency-and-reporting-bill-2026-explained/): A private senator's bill, introduced 19 August 2026, requiring Housing Australia to report quarterly on spending, dwellings, consultants and guarantees.
- [House of Representatives Proof Hansard, 19 August 2026: what the chamber did](https://ozpolitics.au/government/house-of-representatives-proof-19-august-2026/): A review of the House of Representatives sitting of 19 August 2026: the News Media Bargaining package was debated and passed the House, and several bills…
- [Customs and Other Legislation Amendment (Illicit Tobacco Enforcement Modernisation and Other Measures) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/customs-and-other-legislation-amendment-illicit-tobacco-enforcement-modernisation-and-other-measures-bill-2026/): The Albanese government has introduced a bill to modernise the Customs Act 1901 so prosecutors no longer have to prove an accused person knew illicit tobacco was unlawfully imported.
- [Knox Class Action (Facilitation) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/knox-class-action-facilitation-bill-2026/): The Knox Class Action (Facilitation) Bill 2026 was introduced in September 2026 to support the implementation of the record robodebt class action settlement known as Knox v The Commonwealth.
- [National Student Ombudsman Levy Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/national-student-ombudsman-levy-bill-2026/): The bill would move the $11 million annual running cost of the National Student Ombudsman from the federal government to higher education providers through a levy, with penalties for late or non-payment.
- [Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Amendment (National Student Ombudsman Levy) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/tertiary-education-quality-and-standards-agency-amendment-national-student-ombudsman-levy-bill-2026/): The bill amends the Tertiary Education Quality and Standards Agency Act 2011 so the higher education regulator can collect and administer the National Student Ombudsman levy, with unpaid amounts treated as a breach of a provider's registration conditions.
- [AI Kill Switch and Data Centre Control Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/ai-kill-switch-and-data-centre-control-bill-2026/): A private member's bill from independent MP Andrew Gee would require providers of covered advanced AI systems to keep the ability to restrict, suspend or shut them down, and would place a moratorium on new AI data centre construction and expansion.
- [Automated Decision-Making (Safeguards and Transparency) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/automated-decision-making-safeguards-and-transparency-bill-2026/): A private member's bill from independent MP Kate Chaney would bar Commonwealth agencies from automating decisions that require judgement, require high risk systems to be published and reviewed, and guarantee human override and review rights.
- [Diplomatic Appointments (Selection Process) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/diplomatic-appointments-selection-process-bill-2026/): A Senate private member's bill from Senator Fatima Payman would impose a 10-year cooling-off period on former parliamentarians taking designated diplomatic posts and require independent selection committees to recommend candidates on merit.
- [Firearms Legislation Amendment (Repealing Unfair Gun Laws) Bill 2026 (No. 2)](https://ozpolitics.au/government/firearms-legislation-amendment-repealing-unfair-gun-laws-bill-2026-no-2/): A Nationals private member's bill introduced in the House of Representatives would repeal the National Gun Buyback Scheme and unwind parts of the firearms law Parliament passed in January 2026.
- [Tax Laws Amendment (Incentivising Food Donations to Charitable Organisations) Bill 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/government/tax-laws-amendment-incentivising-food-donations-to-charitable-organisations-bill-2026/): A private senator's bill reintroduced in September 2026 would give companies a tax offset for donating surplus food to registered food charities, after the government rejected an earlier version of the measure.

## Policy & claim review

- [How to read an official media release critically](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-read-an-official-media-release-critically/): Find the cited source, open the full document, check definitions and dates, read quotes in context and distinguish announcement from enacted legislation.
- [How to assess a crime-rate claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-crime-rate-claim/): Use police and ABS data, distinguish counts from rates, check reporting changes and population, and avoid inferring individual risk from broad averages.
- [How to assess a jobs-created claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-jobs-created-claim/): Define whether a claim means people, positions, hours, net employment or modelled jobs. Test the geography, period, counterfactual and source methodology.
- [How to assess an infrastructure-benefit claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-an-infrastructure-benefit-claim/): Read the business case for costs, forecast demand, discounting, alternatives and sensitivity tests. A headline benefit-cost ratio is not a guarantee.
- [How OzPolitics reviews a policy proposal](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-ozpolitics-reviews-a-policy-proposal/): OzPolitics applies six standard tests to every policy proposal: mechanism, legal authority, cost, delivery capacity, evidence base, and material uncertainty.
- [How to assess a cost-of-living claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-cost-of-living-claim/): Cost-of-living claims demand four specs: which households, what basket, over what period, through which channel. Averages hide distributional effects.
- [What pilot, trial, program and entitlement mean in policy](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-pilot-trial-program-and-entitlement-mean-in-policy/): How pilot, trial, program and entitlement labels signal legal durability, funding security and what it takes to continue or end each type of initiative.
- [How to find the law behind a political claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-find-the-law-behind-a-political-claim/): A practical guide to tracing political assertions back to the legislation, regulations and official instruments that define what the law actually says.
- [How to assess a housing-supply promise](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-housing-supply-promise/): A practical method for evaluating political housing promises by separating approvals, starts, completions and the real constraints on supply.
- [How OzPolitics handles missing evidence and uncertainty](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-ozpolitics-handles-missing-evidence-and-uncertainty/): Our approach to acknowledging gaps in the evidence, distinguishing known facts from inference, and avoiding false certainty in political analysis.
- [How to read a federal budget measure](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-read-a-federal-budget-measure/): A practical guide to locating, understanding and interpreting individual spending or revenue measures published in the Australian Government budget papers.
- [How to assess a tax-cut claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-tax-cut-claim/): Check who is targeted, dollar savings by income, start date and baseline. Confirm enabling legislation has passed using official Treasury and ATO sources.
- [How policy costings work in Australian elections](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-policy-costings-work-in-australian-elections/): A policy costing estimates budget effects under stated assumptions. It does not prove benefits will occur or that a policy will achieve its stated purpose.
- [How to assess a spending-cut claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-spending-cut-claim/): A claimed cut may be a real reduction, slower growth, an expired program or a portfolio transfer. Check the baseline and the affected service first.
- [What the Parliamentary Budget Office can verify](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-parliamentary-budget-office-can-verify/): The PBO provides independent policy costings to all parliamentarians. It does not certify political desirability, legal validity or social outcomes.
- [How to assess a climate-target claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-climate-target-claim/): Identify the target year, metric, baseline, legal status and policy pathway. An emissions target is not evidence that current policies can deliver it.
- [How to distinguish an announcement from funded policy](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-distinguish-an-announcement-from-funded-policy/): A press conference does not equal funded policy. Look for appropriation, delivery authority, timetable, agency responsibility and implementation instruments.
- [How to assess a health-waiting-time claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-health-waiting-time-claim/): Identify service, urgency category, reporting unit and data source. Median versus long waits and public versus private can shift the apparent trend.
- [How to test whether a government controls the issue](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-test-whether-a-government-controls-the-issue/): A framework for mapping a policy issue to the level of government that controls it, using constitutional, legislative, portfolio and budgetary sources.
- [How to assess an education-funding claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-an-education-funding-claim/): A checklist for evaluating claims about school and university funding, covering real versus nominal figures, per-student amounts and funding sources.
- [How to check the baseline behind a percentage claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-check-the-baseline-behind-a-percentage-claim/): A method for interrogating percentage claims: identify the numerator, denominator, time period and population before accepting the number as meaningful.
- [How to assess a migration-number claim](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-migration-number-claim/): How to interrogate claims about migration numbers: which statistical measure is used, what period it covers and what it actually counts as migration.
- [What the Senate debated on 2 July 2026 — aged care algorithm override, unfair trading and nurse prescribing](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-07-02/): The Senate passed a bill restoring human override of aged-care algorithms, debated unfair trading protections, and approved nurse prescribing under the PBS.
- [What the Senate debated on 1 July 2026 — student fees, payday super, cost of living and a social media crackdown](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-07-01/): The Senate rejected a Greens bill to reverse uni fee hikes, debated payday super disallowance, and moved to strengthen social media age enforcement.
- [What the House debated on 30 June 2026 — housing, online safety, MP suspension and 1 July cost-of-living changes](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-30/): The House debated housing prices and negative gearing, advanced online safety enforcement, suspended an MP, and previewed the 1 July tax cuts and wage rises.
- [House of Representatives Debates Fuel Excise Relief, Budget and War Memorial – 23 June 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-23/): The House passed the Fuel Excise Relief (No. 2) Bill, debated the Budget across Question Time and an MPI, and made a bipartisan War Memorial statement.
- [House Debates NDIS Reform, Tax Cuts and Appropriation Bills – 28 May 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-28/): The House debated NDIS reforms, two tax cut bills, the 2026-27 Appropriation Bills, competition law changes and mobile coverage obligations.
- [Senate Debates Dirty Donations Ban, Competition Law and Indonesia Treaty – 14 May 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-05-14/): The Senate debated electoral donation reform, competition law, gas taxation and the Australia-Indonesia security treaty on a full sitting day.
- [What the House of Representatives Debated on 1 April 2026: Mason Tribute, NDIS Integrity, Fuel Crisis and Secrecy Reform](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-04-01/): The House paid tribute to Sir Anthony Mason, debated NDIS integrity reforms and a fuel crisis MPI, and introduced bills on secrecy, aviation consumer prote...
- [What the Senate Debated on 11 March 2026: Iran War, National Security Bill, Super Choice and Islamophobia Motion](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-11/): The Senate debated Australia's involvement in the Iran conflict, a Coalition national security bill, superannuation choice reforms, and a Greens motion on...
- [What the House of Representatives Debated on 4 March 2026: Super Tax Reform, Health Postcode Lottery and Domestic Violence](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-04/): The House debated contentious superannuation tax reforms, a health care postcode lottery, the domestic violence commission report, and NAIF extension.
- [What the House debated on 2 July 2026: gambling reform, cash distribution, and tax adviser accountability](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-07-02/): Debate on gambling reform, cash distribution and tax adviser accountability, with three committees established and divisions on procedural motions.
- [What the House debated on 1 July 2026: RCDVS defence reforms, statute update, and social media age enforcement](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-07-01/): The House advanced 10 bills on 1 July 2026 covering defence, aged care, biosecurity and online safety, and considered a Senate message on the NACC committee.
- [What the House debated on 27 May 2026: NDIS reform, health insurance incentives, and post-budget scrutiny](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-27/): The House debated the NDIS Amendment Bill with 19 MPs on 27 May 2026, plus health insurance, customs tariff and business registries bills post-budget.
- [What the House debated on 14 May 2026: Budget appropriation begins, secrecy laws pass, and NDIS reform introduced](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-14/): The House passed secrecy law reforms, introduced NDIS and Budget appropriation bills, and debated unfair trading practices and illicit tobacco on 14 May 2026.
- [What the Senate Debated on 30 March 2026: Taxation, Russia, and Committee Business](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-30/): The Senate's final March sitting day saw question time dominated by taxation policy and Australia's response to Russia, with Senators Barbara Pocock a.
- [What the House Debated on 11 March 2026: Bills, Committees and Matters of Public Importance](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-11/): The House of Representatives convened an active midweek sitting on 11 March 2026, with multiple bill debates, committee reports, statements on signifi.
- [What the Senate Debated on 3 March 2026: Bills, Motions and Committee Oversight](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-03/): The Senate's early March sitting was marked by an intensive legislative program across three distinct bill debates, multiple committee reports, urgenc.
- [What the House Debated on 11 February 2026: Committees, Bills and the Speaker's Statement](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-11/): The House's second sitting week of 2026 featured committee reports, two bill debates, question time, a statement by the Speaker and a matter of public.
- [What the Senate debated on 29 June 2026: tax reform bills, secrecy provisions, and financial reporting reform](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-29/): The Senate debated three Treasury bills on 29 June 2026 and passed the Secrecy Provisions Amendment Bill through all stages in a single sitting day.
- [What the Senate debated on 22 June 2026: tax reform package, senators' statements, and matters of urgency](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-22/): The Senate considered the Tax Reform No.1 package on 22 June 2026, with contentious debate over procedural formalities and the scope of proposed changes.
- [What the House Debated: Fuel Security Dominates as Parliament Returns, 30 March 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-30/): The House of Representatives sitting on Monday 30 March 2026 was shaped by a dominant theme: fuel security.
- [What the Senate Debated: Commonwealth Entities Bill, Orders for Documents and Cash Acceptance, 24 March 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-24/): The Senate sitting on Tuesday 24 March 2026 was a day of both legislative progress and political contest.
- [What the House Debated: National Security, Superannuation Reform and Appropriations, 3 March 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-03/): The House debated national security, superannuation reform and appropriation bills on 3 March 2026, with statements on border security and defence matters.
- [What the House debated on 10 February 2026: education reform, trust in government, and cost of living](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-10/): The House debated Universities Accord legislation on 10 February 2026 while members raised trust in government, cost of living and energy price concerns.
- [What the Senate debated on 3 February 2026: cost of living, Bondi Beach attack, and political donations](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-02-03/): The Senate opened the 2026 year on 3 February with statements on the Bondi Beach attack, cost of living, political donations and bushfires.
- [What the House debated on 29 June 2026: Medicines shortages, online safety, FIFA World Cup tribute, and local industry preference](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-29/): On 29 June 2026 the House of Representatives debated sex-based rights legislation, social media enforcement, and local industry procurement, while Question.
- [What the House debated on 22 June 2026: Carbon credits, illicit tobacco crackdown, fuel excise relief and gambling advertising](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-22/): On 22 June 2026 the House debated carbon credits, illicit tobacco, fuel excise relief and crossbench calls to ban gambling advertising.
- [What the Senate debated on 13 May 2026: gender super gap, competition law in crises, packaging EPR and Bill Grayden tribute](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-05-13/): The Senate debated the gender super gap private senator's bill, fast-tracked competition law changes for crisis response, an extended producer responsibili.
- [What the House debated on 24 March 2026: European Commission President address, fuel prices, appropriation bills and genetic testing protections](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-24/): The House heard an historic address by the European Commission President, debated fuel prices in question time, passed three appropriation bills and the ge.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 9 February 2026: flag protection bills, universities reform, and cost-of-living questions](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-09/): The House debated flag desecration bills, Universities Accord legislation, telco safeguards, and fielded 23 questions on the economy, housing, and energy.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 3 February 2026: digital assets, copyright reform, drought beer tax, and bushfire questions](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-03/): The House debated eight bills including a digital assets framework, copyright reform, draught beer excise cuts, and fielded 21 questions on the economy and.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 26 May 2026: Budget, NDIS and business registries](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-26/): The House of Representatives sitting on 26 May 2026 covered the 2026–27 Budget bills, NDIS reform, business registries, Question Time on small business and…
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 13 May 2026: Regulatory reform, the Survivors Law and Defence](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-13/): The 13 May 2026 sitting covered a 26-Act regulatory reform bill, the Survivors Law on financial abuse, Defence reforms from the veteran suicide Royal Commi…
- [What the Senate debated on 23 March 2026: Superannuation choice, High Seas biodiversity and fuel security](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-23/): The Senate sitting on 23 March 2026 covered superannuation choice, Australia's ratification of the UN High Seas Treaty, an Indigenous children's commission…
- [What the Senate debated on 10 March 2026: Superannuation reform and a Middle East motion](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-10/): The 10 March 2026 Senate sitting covered major superannuation reform, a Middle East motion with multiple divisions, and a procedural battle over business r…
- [What the Senate debated on 2 March 2026: Closing the Gap, Middle East and UNDRIP](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-02/): The 2 March 2026 Senate sitting featured the annual Closing the Gap statement, a second day of Middle East motions, and Senator Thorpe raising UNDRIP — con…
- [What the Senate debated: 24 June 2026 — gender super gap, tax reform, NDIS funding, and housing](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-24/): Senate debate on gender super gap bill, tax reform to replace 50% CGT discount, NDIS funding tied to AUKUS, and housing policy under scrutiny.
- [What the House debated: 25 May 2026 — Budget appropriation bills, Neale Daniher condolence, and private members' business](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-25/): House debate on 2026–27 Budget bills, condolences for Neale Daniher AO, and motions on cost of living, domestic violence, and energy.
- [What the Senate debated: 26 March 2026 — housing accountability, antisemitism orders, ACCC penalties, and fuel security](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-26/): Senate passed Bragg housing bills, antisemitism and anti-racism orders, doubled ACCC penalties, and questioned government on regional fuel shortages.
- [What the House debated on 23 March 2026: national security, agricultural land protection, and Iran human rights](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-23/): National security, antisemitism and the Bondi Beach attack dominated question time, while the House debated agricultural land protection and heard
- [What the House debated on 10 March 2026: fuel security, appropriation bills, and energy policy](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-10/): Fuel security dominated question time and members' statements, while the House progressed appropriation bills, migration legislation, and a coal mining
- [What the House debated on 2 March 2026: national security, six bills progressed, and the Member for Farrer resigns](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-02/): National security and the Middle East featured across question time, while six bills were debated including superannuation choice, mobile coverage, and
- [House of Representatives sitting 24 June 2026: Building Cooperative Workplaces Bill passes after divisions](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-24/): The House on 24 June 2026 passed the Building Cooperative Workplaces Bill after multiple divisions, debated the Health Legislation Amendment Bill, and.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 26 March 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-26/): House sitting 26 March 2026: ASIO Amendment Bill debated, Nature Positive Bill passed, Question Time on housing, cost of living, budget and Cyclone Alfred.
- [What the Senate debated on 5 February 2026: price gouging, defence oversight, and gambling ad reform](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-02-05/): Senate 5 February 2026: price gouging bill defeated on division, defence oversight legislation passed.
- [What the Senate Debated on 25 June 2026: Deepfake Laws, Online Safety and Political Clash](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-25/): The Senate debated the My Face, My Rights Bill on deepfakes. The Government opposed it, backing its intent, as Greens clashed with One Nation over satire.
- [What the House of Representatives Debated on 4 June 2026: Committees, Questions Without Notice and Bills](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-04/): The House created a cyber security committee, debated four bills, held Question Time and discussed a Matter of Public Importance on government accountability.
- [What the Senate debated on 12 May 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-05-12/): The Senate moved the address-in-reply to the Governor-General's speech, held question time, considered budget-related business, and debated committee reports.
- [What the Senate debated on 12 March 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-12/): The Senate debated the Digital ID bill, held question time, considered committee reports, received petitions, and conducted the adjournment debate.
- [What the Senate debated on 5 March 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-05/): The Senate considered Treasury Laws Amendment bill and other legislation, held question time with additional answers, and acknowledged distinguished visitors.
- [What the House debated on 5 February 2026: Aboriginal children, health legislation, and condolence motions](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-05/): The House introduced a children's commission bill, tabled appropriation bills, debated health legislation to vote and discussed Universities Accord reforms.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 25 June 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-25/): The House of Representatives sitting on 25 June 2026 covered legislation, question time and committee business in the final week before the winter recess.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 3 June 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-03/): The House of Representatives sat on 3 June 2026 shortly after the federal budget. Key budget bills, question time exchanges and debates from the chamber.
- [House of Representatives 12 May 2026: Budget Day, $10 billion fuel security package, and mass bill introduction](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-12/): On Budget Day 2026 the House introduced 23 bills, suspended standing orders for the Treasurer's speech, and debated fuel security, secrecy law reform, and .
- [Senate 31 March 2026: NDIS integrity, fuel crisis, and the cash acceptance debate](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-31/): The Senate debated the NDIS Amendment Bill 2025, passed the Copyright Amendment Bill, and considered disallowance of cash acceptance regulations, against t.
- [Senate 25 March 2026: Aboriginal children's commission bill passes, EU trade tensions, and fuel debate](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-25/): The Senate passed the National Commission for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Children and Young People Bill into law, introduced new government bill.
- [House of Representatives 12 March 2026: Robodebt statement, anti-money laundering bill, and fuel crisis questions](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-12/): The House debated the Robodebt Royal Commission legacy, an anti-money laundering bill, and appropriation bills, while the fuel crisis dominated Question Ti.
- [House of Representatives 5 March 2026: Canadian PM Mark Carney addresses Parliament, super reforms pass](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-05/): The Canadian Prime Minister addressed a joint sitting, the House passed superannuation reform bills, and Question Time covered cost of living and the Middl.
- [What the Senate debated on 4 February 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-02-04/): A summary of the key bills, questions, motions and committee business the Senate dealt with on its first full sitting day of February 2026.
- [What the Senate debated on 30 June 2026: NAIF extension, nurse prescribing, LGBTIQA+ commissioner, and tax clash](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-30/): NAIF extended 10 years, nurse PBS prescribing debated, Greens LGBTIQA+ commissioner bill introduced, and Question Time clash over tax and housing.
- [What the Senate debated on 23 June 2026: tax reform, question time fireworks and cost-of-living pressures](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-23/): Senate debate on 23 June 2026 covered tax reform bills, question time clashes, and cost-of-living motions. Key divisions and crossbench positions reviewed.
- [What the House debated on 2 June 2026: tax reform, AUKUS transparency and a new member for Farrer](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-02/): House of Representatives debate on 2 June 2026: tax reform bills debated, David Farley sworn in as new Member for Farrer, AUKUS transparency concerns raised i
- [What the Senate debated on 1 April 2026: pre-budget legislative scrutiny and parliamentary accountability](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-04-01/): Senate sitting on 1 April 2026 covered legislation, question time exchanges, committee reports and adjournment speeches in the final sitting week before th.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 31 March 2026: legislation, question time and members' statements](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-31/): House of Representatives sitting on 31 March 2026 with legislative debate, question time and members' statements in the lead-up to the May federal budget.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 25 March 2026: parliamentary accountability and the legislative agenda](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-25/): House debate on 25 March 2026 featured question time, legislative business and members' statements during the March parliamentary sitting period.
- [What the Senate debated on 4 March 2026: early-autumn legislative business and parliamentary scrutiny](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-04/): Senate debate on 4 March 2026 covered legislative business, question time scrutiny of executive action, and committee deliberations in the first autumn sit...
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 12 February 2026: the first sitting week of the parliamentary year](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-12/): House debate on 12 February 2026 opened the parliamentary year with legislative business, question time and members' statements in the first sitting week.
- [What the House of Representatives debated on 4 February 2026: the first sitting day of the parliamentary year](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-04/): First sitting day of 2026: House resumes with legislative business, Question Time and the government's agenda for the new parliamentary year.
- [House of Representatives - Proof](https://ozpolitics.au/review-desk/house-of-representatives-proof/): The Proof Hansard record for the House of Representatives sitting of 10 September 2026 is a working transcript published before final correction, not the final Hansard.

## Parties & representation

- [How to verify a candidate's parliamentary record](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-to-verify-a-candidate-s-parliamentary-record/): Use parliamentary profiles, Hansard speeches, division records, committee work and financial disclosures to verify what a candidate did in Parliament.
- [How to read a member’s voting record in context](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-to-read-a-member-s-voting-record-in-context/): A division record shows a recorded vote only, not every position or attendance reason. Check the motion, amendments, pairing and chamber context.
- [Electorate offices and ministerial offices: different roles](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/electorate-offices-and-ministerial-offices-different-roles/): How electorate offices for constituency work differ from ministerial offices for executive portfolios in funding, staffing, records and resource use.
- [What a parliamentary whip does](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/what-a-parliamentary-whip-does/): Understand the role of whips in Australian parliaments as organisers of party discipline, attendance and procedural strategy in both chambers.
- [How political parties register in Australia](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-political-parties-register-in-australia/): Party registration needs 1500 electoral roll members and a written constitution. The AEC administers registration under the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918.
- [Frontbench, backbench and crossbench explained](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/frontbench-backbench-and-crossbench-explained/): Frontbenchers hold ministry roles, backbenchers do not and crossbenchers sit outside the government and opposition groupings in the House and Senate.
- [How candidates nominate for a federal election](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-candidates-nominate-for-a-federal-election/): Candidates lodge a formal nomination, pay a deposit, meet eligibility rules and meet strict deadlines. Media announcements do not replace accepted nomination.
- [How party discipline affects parliamentary votes](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-party-discipline-affects-parliamentary-votes/): Party discipline shapes most parliamentary votes but is not absolute. Conscience votes, crossing the floor, pairs and absences all affect the final result.
- [Independent candidates and party candidates compared](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/independent-candidates-and-party-candidates-compared/): Independent and party candidates seek the same office but differ in ballot labels, campaign funding and discipline. Independence does not prove neutrality.
- [Political donations and disclosure rules: where to look](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/political-donations-and-disclosure-rules-where-to-look/): Track federal donations and spending via the AEC transparency register. Read reporting periods, entity types and thresholds: returns are not live ledgers.
- [How party preselections work—and why rules vary](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-party-preselections-work-and-why-rules-vary/): Preselection is governed by each party's rules lodged with the AEC. Ballots, panels, executives and dispute processes vary across parties and branches.
- [Public funding of election campaigns explained](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/public-funding-of-election-campaigns-explained/): Election funding is paid under statutory rules tied to eligibility and verified electoral expenditure, not as an automatic payment for every vote received.
- [What a party platform can and cannot tell you](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/what-a-party-platform-can-and-cannot-tell-you/): A party platform reveals stated priorities and commitments at a point in time but cannot alone establish funding, authority or future parliamentary support.
- [Authorisation statements in political advertising](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/authorisation-statements-in-political-advertising/): Electoral communications may require an authorisation identifying the responsible person or entity, as required by the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918.
- [How to compare candidate statements fairly](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-to-compare-candidate-statements-fairly/): Apply the same questions to every candidate, verify claims against parliamentary and AEC records, and separate documented facts from campaign presentation.
- [How to report suspected electoral misinformation or unlawful material](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/how-to-report-suspected-electoral-misinformation-or-unlawful-material/): Which regulators handle electoral misinformation, what evidence to preserve, and how to report without publicly accusing anyone of an offence.
- [Australian Labor Party policies and positions in 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/labor-party-policies-and-positions-2026/): How the Australian Labor Party states its housing, cost-of-living, climate, healthcare and migration positions as the governing party in mid-2026.
- [Liberal Party of Australia policies and positions in 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/liberal-party-policies-and-positions-2026/): The Liberal Party's stated 2026 positions on tax, energy, housing, migration, health and security, re-checked against its official pages on 12 September 2026.
- [National Party of Australia policies and positions in 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/nationals-policies-and-positions-2026/): The National Party's stated positions on housing, tax, energy, healthcare and migration through 2025–2026 Coalition announcements and regional policy.
- [Australian Greens policies and positions in 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/australian-greens-policies-and-positions-2026/): Australian Greens' stated 2026 policy positions on housing, women's safety, tax, climate, healthcare and migration through policy pages and media releases.
- [Pauline Hanson's One Nation policies and positions in 2026](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/one-nation-policies-and-positions-2026/): Pauline Hanson's One Nation stated policy positions on housing, tax, energy, healthcare and migration from its official website and 2026 announcements, re-checked on 30 August 2026.
- [Australian party policies on housing compared](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/australian-party-housing-policies-compared-2026/): How Australia's five federal parties state their housing policies on supply, affordability, rental regulation and first-home-buyer support in mid-2026.
- [Australian party policies on tax and cost of living compared](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/australian-party-tax-cost-of-living-policies-compared-2026/): Side-by-side comparison of the five registered federal parties' stated positions on tax reform and cost-of-living relief as at mid-2026.
- [Australian party policies on climate and energy compared](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/australian-party-climate-energy-policies-compared-2026/): Side-by-side comparison of the five federal parties' stated climate and energy policies: targets, mechanisms, nuclear, renewables and fuel at July 2026.
- [Australian party policies on healthcare compared](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/australian-party-healthcare-policies-compared-2026/): Side-by-side comparison of the five federal parties' stated healthcare positions: Medicare, bulk billing, dental, mental health and workforce in mid-2026.
- [Australian party policies on migration compared](https://ozpolitics.au/representation/australian-party-migration-policies-compared-2026/): Comparison of the five federal parties' stated migration positions: intake, skilled migration, values, borders and students at mid-2026.

## Political media literacy

- [A five-minute source check for political claims](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/a-five-minute-source-check-for-political-claims/): Find the earliest source, open it, check dates and definitions, compare the claim with the source's actual words, cross-reference and note what is unverified.
- [Primary, secondary and partisan sources explained](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/primary-secondary-and-partisan-sources-explained/): Primary sources record the underlying act or data; secondary sources interpret it; partisan sources advocate. Each can be useful if its role is labelled.
- [How to verify a political quote](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/how-to-verify-a-political-quote/): Practical steps to verify a political quote using official records: Hansard, archives, recordings and context to check whether an excerpt changes the meaning.
- [How to check whether an image or video is old](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/how-to-check-whether-an-image-or-video-is-old/): Practical techniques to verify whether visual media circulating in Australian political contexts is recent, misattributed, or recycled from an earlier event.
- [How polling samples, margins and weighting work](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/how-polling-samples-margins-and-weighting-work/): Understand who was polled, how they were contacted, sample size, question wording, field dates and weighting to interpret opinion poll results critically.
- [Why a poll is not an election prediction](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/why-a-poll-is-not-an-election-prediction/): A poll captures opinion at one moment. An election records votes. Sampling error, campaign events, turnout and seat geography separate the two.
- [How to read charts with truncated axes or missing baselines](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/how-to-read-charts-with-truncated-axes-or-missing-baselines/): Check axes, units, start date and denominator before judging a chart. Replot from underlying values when visual scale makes differences look larger than real.
- [What a fact-check can and cannot prove](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/what-a-fact-check-can-and-cannot-prove/): A fact-check tests a defined claim against available evidence. It cannot settle value judgments, predict every outcome or validate claims beyond stated scope.
- [How to recognise targeted political persuasion online](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/how-to-recognise-targeted-political-persuasion-online/): Practical techniques for identifying online content designed to influence political views through targeting, emotional framing and concealed provenance.
- [Build your own neutral election research file](https://ozpolitics.au/media-literacy/build-your-own-neutral-election-research-file/): Build a personal election research file: set questions first, use primary sources, separate claims from evidence, and update as new material appears.

## 简体中文资源

- [中文首页](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/)
- [中文免责声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/disclaimer/)
- [中文法案与辩论](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/parliament/)
- [中文政党主张](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/parties/)

## 选举实用指南（简体中文）

- [Bendigo Lockwood Ward 补选定于2026年10月举行——选民现在需要做什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/bendigo-lockwood-ward-by-election-october-2026/): 维多利亚选举委员会宣布将于2026年10月为本迪戈市议会Lockwood Ward举行邮寄投票补选。选民登记截止7月22日下午4点。
- [Banyule Beale Ward 补选选民登记将于2026年7月22日截止——选民最后提醒](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/banyule-beale-ward-by-election-enrolment-july-2026/): VEC提醒Banyule市议会Beale Ward选民，补选登记截止2026年7月22日下午4点。请立即检查登记状态。
- [参议院配额与偏好计票机制解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-the-senate-quota-and-preference-count-work/): 参议院计票机制解析：配额公式、盈余票与偏好转移、线上与线下投票方式，以及为何结果可能需要数周时间。
- [有效票与无效票详解](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/formal-and-informal-votes-explained/): 有效票符合法律和选票要求，进入计票。无效票即使选民意图似乎明确，也不能被计入。
- [在澳大利亚，偏好票会被浪费吗？](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/can-a-preference-be-wasted-in-australia/): 偏好票并非自动浪费：其命运取决于投票制度、计票进程以及选票上排在更前的偏好。
- [监票员如何监督选举计票过程](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-scrutineers-observe-an-election-count/): 监票员是候选人代表，为透明度而观察计票。他们的权利、限制、任命程序和法律框架。
- [投票站关闭后会发生什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/what-happens-after-polls-close/): 下午6点后，工作人员封存材料、核对清单并开始计票。邮寄选票处理和偏好分配需要数天或数周。
- [选举结果为何需要时间](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/why-election-results-can-take-time/): 选举夜的数据只是部分。声明选票、胶着差距、强制重新计票和偏好分配将时间表延长至投票日之后。
- [声明选票与临时选票详解](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/declaration-votes-and-provisional-votes-explained/): 装在信封中的选票，以便AEC在将其纳入计票前核实登记。包括缺席票、邮寄票、提前票、移动票和临时票。
- [强制投票、通知与有效理由详解](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/compulsory-voting-notices-and-valid-reasons-explained/): 强制投票规定了登记和投票的法律义务。AEC向表面未投票者发送正式通知，后者可以以有效理由回应。
- [联邦、州与地方选举：适用哪些规则？](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/federal-state-and-local-elections-which-rules-apply/): 澳大利亚联邦、州和地方各级政府选举的不同选举规则指南，涵盖登记、投票制度和选票结构。
- [首次投票者的选举清单](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/a-first-time-voter-s-election-checklist/): 为首次投票者提供的分步指南：登记检查、选区查询、投票方式、投票站注意事项以及如何获取帮助。
- [如何在澳大利亚登记投票](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-enrol-to-vote-in-australia/): 如何登记投票：资格标准、身份证明要求、在线和纸质选项、查询登记状态以及州和地方层面的选民登记。
- [谁有资格在澳大利亚联邦选举中投票](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/who-is-eligible-to-vote-in-australian-federal-elections/): 联邦选民登记资格规则：年龄、公民身份、居住要求以及《联邦选举法》规定的法定例外情形，由AEC负责执行。
- [如何查找您的联邦选区](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-find-your-federal-electorate/): 使用AEC在线地址查询工具确认您所属的联邦选区。即使您没有搬家，选区边界和名称也可能因重新划分而改变。
- [如何查找您的投票站](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-find-your-polling-place/): 在接近投票日时使用官方AEC投票站查询工具。投票站列表在两次选举之间可能发生变化，因此旧的地点信息不可靠。
- [提前投票如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-early-voting-works/): 提前投票允许符合条件的选民在选举日前在指定中心投票，依据《1918年联邦选举法》规定的理由。
- [跨州或海外投票指南](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/voting-while-interstate-or-overseas/): 如何在联邦选举中从跨州或海外投票：提前投票中心、邮寄投票、海外选项以及旅行者的关键截止日期。
- [投票站的协助和口译选项](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/assistance-and-interpreter-options-at-polling-places/): 选民可以在投票站寻求帮助，包括残障协助、语言支持以及由他人按指示代为填写选票。
- [选票填错怎么办](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/what-to-do-if-you-make-a-mistake-on-a-ballot-paper/): 如果您填错了选票，在投入投票箱之前将其交还给投票官员。您将收到一张新选票，可以正确投票。
- [众议院偏好投票制如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-preferential-voting-works-in-the-house/): 按选择顺序为候选人编号。得票最低者被淘汰，选票按下一偏好流向其他候选人，直至一人超过50%。
- [如何在线以上填写参议院选票](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-complete-a-senate-ballot-above-the-line/): 在线以上填写参议院选票的说明，至少为六个方格编号，按选民的选择指引偏好。
- [如何查询和更新选民登记信息](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-check-and-update-your-electoral-enrolment/): 当个人信息发生变化时，通过澳大利亚选举委员会（AEC）查询并更新联邦选民登记。切勿依赖旧投票卡或非官方查询结果。
- [联邦大选宣布后会发生什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/what-happens-when-an-election-is-called/): 联邦大选时间表的逐步说明：解散议会、发布选举令、关闭选民名册、提名、投票及选举令交回，附带AEC和议会官方来源。
- [选区边界与重新划分如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-electoral-boundaries-and-redistributions-work/): 独立的重新划分委员会依据选民数据、法律标准和公众意见重新划定选区边界——而非基于政党偏好或郊区边界。
- [投票站内的流程与注意事项](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/what-to-expect-inside-a-polling-place/): 进入投票站、核验选民名册、领取选票、在私密投票间内填写选票并将其投入票箱的逐步指南。
- [邮寄投票如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-postal-voting-works/): 如何在澳大利亚联邦选举中申请邮寄投票：资格、截止日期、完成投票包、见证要求及回邮规则。
- [澳大利亚的无障碍投票选项](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/accessible-voting-options-in-australia/): 选举委员会提供多种无障碍投票途径。请从官方指引开始，如有任何个人投票障碍，请联系选举委员会。
- [如果在选民名册上找不到你的名字怎么办](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/what-to-do-if-your-name-is-not-on-the-roll/): 在投票站发现名字不在选民名册上时应采取的步骤：声明投票、注册验证以及如何预防下次再发生。
- [如何填写众议院选票](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-complete-a-house-of-representatives-ballot/): 在绿色选票上按你的偏好顺序依次给每个方框编号。遵循选票上印制的官方说明，不要照搬社交媒体上的图示。
- [一票一值在实践中意味着什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/what-one-vote-one-value-means-in-practice/): 一票一值是一项原则，而非数学保证。选区边界、注册人数容差和重新划分的时间安排塑造了它的运作方式。
- [如何在参议院选票线以下投票](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/how-to-complete-a-senate-ballot-below-the-line/): 如何在联邦选举中在线以下填写参议院选票：编号规则、最低12个偏好、计票流程以及避免常见错误。
- [Kingston市议会Melaleuca Ward选区邮寄补选选票包已寄出](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-ballot-packs-mailed/): Kingston市Melaleuca Ward选区补选选票包已于7月13日寄出。请于2026年7月31日下午6点前寄回填写完毕的选票。投票为强制性。
- [Latrobe市议会Morwell River选区补选选票包已寄出——7月31日前您需要了解的事项](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/latrobe-city-council-morwell-river-ward-by-election-ballot-packs-mailed-july-2026/): Latrobe市议会Morwell River选区补选的选票包现已寄出。投票截止时间为2026年7月31日星期五下午6点。请查收邮件并及时寄回您的选票。
- [Wyndham市Heathdale Ward选区补选选票包已寄出，投票截止日期临近](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-ballot-packs-mailed-july-2026/): Wyndham市议会Heathdale Ward选区邮寄补选的选票包已寄出。三名候选人角逐该席位。投票于2026年7月31日（星期五）下午6点截止，为强制性投票。
- [Banyule市议会Beale选区2026年10月补选：日期、邮寄投票及选民须知](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/banyule-beale-ward-by-election-october-2026-dates-and-voting/): VEC已确认在议员Elizabeth Nealy辞职后，Banyule市Beale选区将于2026年10月举行邮寄补选。关键日期、登记规则和投票详情。
- [2026年7月9日政治捐款披露截止日期：维多利亚州政党、候选人和捐款人根据新法律须报告什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/political-donation-disclosure-deadline-9-july-2026-victoria/): 维多利亚州政治参与者须在2026年7月9日前根据《2026年选举进一步修正法案》宽限期披露捐款。谁必须报告、适用什么门槛以及如何提交。
- [Kingston市议会Melaleuca Ward选区邮寄补选公布13名候选人](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-candidates-announced/): 13名候选人提名参加Kingston市Melaleuca Ward选区邮寄补选。选票包于7月13日寄出，投票于2026年7月31日下午6点截止。
- [五位候选人确认参加Latrobe市议会Morwell River选区邮寄补选](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/latrobe-city-council-morwell-river-ward-candidates-announced-june-2026/): VEC已宣布Latrobe市议会Morwell River选区邮寄补选的五位候选人。了解各位候选人以及如何在2026年7月31日截止日期前投票。
- [Wyndham Heathdale选区邮寄补选三名候选人确认，选票邮寄在即](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-candidates-announced-june-2026/): 三名候选人——Pippa Pace、Marcel Mahfoud和Kim McAliney——已提名参加Wyndham市议会Heathdale选区邮寄补选。投票于2026年7月31日星期五下午6点截止。
- ["I'm Voting to Avoid the Fine"（"我投票是为了避免罚款"）申请注册为维多利亚州政党：申请意味着什么以及如何提出异议](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/im-voting-to-avoid-the-fine-political-party-registration-victoria-2026/): VEC已收到"I'm Voting to Avoid the Fine"申请注册为维多利亚州政党的申请。异议提交截止日期为2026年7月25日。政党注册的运作方式及后续步骤。
- [维多利亚州新政治资金法律：30天披露截止日期、捐款上限以及高等法院裁决对2026年州大选的意义](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/victoria-new-political-finance-laws-30-day-disclosure-deadline-2026/): 维多利亚州的《2026年选举进一步修正法案》在高等法院宣布第12编无效后重新引入捐款披露制度。关键义务、截止日期以及新规则在11月州大选前的适用情况。
- [Kingston市议会开放Melaleuca Ward选区补选候选人提名](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-call-for-candidates/): Kingston市Melaleuca Ward选区邮寄补选候选人提名于2026年6月15日开放。6月23日中午12点截止。费用250澳元，须亲自递交。
- [Latrobe市议会开放Morwell River选区补选候选人提名——提名方式如下](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/latrobe-city-council-morwell-river-ward-by-election-nominations-open-june-2026/): Latrobe市议会Morwell River选区补选的候选人提名于2026年6月15日星期一开放。VEC呼吁候选人填补议员Tracie Lund辞职留下的空缺。
- [Wyndham市议会在议员辞职后开放Heathdale选区补选提名](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-call-for-candidates-june-2026/): Wyndham市议会Heathdale选区补选提名于2026年6月15日开放，由议员Jennie Barrera辞职引发。候选人须亲自提交提名并缴纳250澳元费用，截止时间为6月23日中午12点。
- [Mornington Peninsula Briars Ward选区补选：选民登记截止日期临近，邮寄投票安排及关键时间节点](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/mornington-peninsula-briars-ward-by-election-enrolment-july-2026/): Mornington Peninsula Briars Ward选区补选登记截止日期为2026年7月22日下午4时。查看登记要求、邮寄投票流程、候选人提名时间表及VoterAlert提醒服务。
- [2026年7月24日 — Wyndham补选投票即将截止](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/wyndham-heathdale-ward-by-election-voting-closes-july-2026/): Wyndham市议会Heathdale选区补选投票即将截止。VEC敦促选民在截止日下午6点前寄回邮寄选票或前往提前投票中心。
- [2026年7月24日 — Kingston补选投票即将截止](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/kingston-melaleuca-ward-by-election-voting-closes-july-2026/): VEC提醒Kingston市议会Melaleuca选区选民邮寄补选投票即将截止。在截止日下午6点前寄回填写完成的选票。
- [2026年7月24日 — Latrobe补选投票即将截止](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/latrobe-morwell-river-ward-by-election-voting-closes-july-2026/): VEC提醒Latrobe市议会Morwell River选区选民邮寄补选投票即将截止。在下午6点截止日期前寄回填写完成的选票。
- [维州选举委员会将金斯顿市议会补选疑似选票篡改移交调查](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/suspected-vote-tampering-kingston-city-council-by-election-2026/): 维州选举委员会宣布妮基·考尔当选金斯顿市议会梅拉卢卡选区议员，并将邮政投票违规事项移交地方政府监察署。
- [班尤勒市议会比尔选区补选：提名现已开放](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/banyule-city-council-beale-ward-by-election-2026/): 班尤勒比尔选区补选提名于2026年8月25日中午截止；投票将全部通过邮寄方式进行。
- [大本迪戈市议会洛克伍德选区补选：提名现已开放](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/greater-bendigo-city-council-lockwood-ward-by-election-2026/): 洛克伍德选区补选提名于8月25日中午截止；邮寄投票于10月2日截止。
- [莫宁顿半岛郡布莱尔斯选区补选：提名现已开放](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/mornington-peninsula-shire-briars-ward-by-election-2026/): 布莱尔斯选区补选提名于8月25日中午截止；邮寄投票于10月2日截止。
- [2026年维多利亚州选举工作人员招聘：申请现已开放](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/working-at-the-2026-victorian-state-election/): VEC正在为2026年11月28日维多利亚州选举招募超过25,000名临时工作人员。
- [穆林迪迪郡议会金湖选区补选（Murrindindi Shire Council Kinglake Ward by-election）：定于2026年12月举行](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/murrindindi-shire-council-kinglake-ward-by-election-december-2026/): 在议员乔迪·亚当斯辞职后，将于2026年12月为穆林迪迪郡议会金湖选区举行补选。维多利亚州选举委员会表示此次选举将全程通过邮寄方式进行，选民须在2026年9月23日（星期三）下午4时名册截止前正确登记，登记选民必须投票，纳税人和法人也可申请登记。
- [2026年8月26日——班尤尔市议会邮政补选候选人名单公布](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/26-august-2026-candidates-announced-for-banyule-city-council-postal-by-election/): 八名候选人已提名参加班尤尔市议会比尔区（Beale Ward）邮政补选；邮政投票于2026年10月2日下午6时截止。
- [2026年8月26日——大本迪戈市议会邮政补选候选人名单公布](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/26-august-2026-candidates-announced-for-greater-bendigo-city-council-postal-by-election/): 六名候选人已提名参加大本迪戈市议会洛克伍德区（Lockwood Ward）邮政补选；邮政投票于2026年10月2日下午6时截止。
- [2026年8月26日——莫宁顿半岛郡议会邮政补选候选人名单公布](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/26-august-2026-candidates-announced-for-mornington-peninsula-shire-postal-by-election/): 两名候选人已提名参加莫宁顿半岛郡议会布里尔斯区（Briars Ward）邮政补选；邮政投票于2026年10月2日下午6时截止。
- [2026年9月9日——维州选举委员会欢迎对无障碍投票的关注](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/9-september-2026-vec-welcomes-accessible-voting-focus/): 维州选举委员会对维州议会选举事务委员会关于投票站无障碍的调查报告表示欢迎，该报告在2026年11月28日州选举前提出61项建议。
- [2026年8月31日——新的授权要求加强选举材料的透明度](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/election-help/31-august-2026-new-authorisation-requirements-to-strengthen-transparency-of-electoral-material/): 维州选举委员会更新了关于选举材料授权的裁定，要求受规管主体在材料上标明自身名称，让选民更清楚了解选举通讯背后的主体。

## 澳洲政府如何运作（简体中文）

- [《2026年航空消费者保护法案》解读：新投诉机制与噪音监察专员](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/aviation-consumer-protection-bill-2026-explained/): 政府法案确立航空乘客权利：取消航班现金退款、延误赔偿、独立监察专员。已通过众议院，待参议院审议。
- [澳大利亚疾病控制中心修正案（赌博作为公共卫生问题）2026年法案解析：它将带来什么改变](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australian-centre-for-disease-control-amendment-gambling-as-a-public-health-issue-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员Monique Ryan（莫妮克·瑞安）的私人议员法案要求澳大利亚CDC将赌博危害作为公共卫生问题处理。
- [《刑法修正案（使用技术生成儿童虐待材料）2025年法案》：拟对AI生成虐待材料设立新罪名](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/criminal-code-amendment-using-technology-to-generate-child-abuse-material-bill-2025-explained/): 独立议员Kate Chaney的个人议员法案将设立新的联邦罪名，针对利用传输服务生成儿童虐待材料的行为
- [2025年高等教育立法修正案（为教育而非为利润）法案：限制营利性高等教育提供者的提议](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/tertiary-education-legislation-amendment-there-for-education-not-profit-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员Jacqui Lambie的私人法案将修订高等教育法律，限制营利性提供者获取联邦资金和学生…
- [《2025年电信修正案（加强消费者保障）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/telecommunications-amendment-enhancing-consumer-safeguards-bill-2025-explained/): 一项政府法案，建立传输服务提供商注册制度，赋予ACMA对行业准则的直接执法权——对消费者意味着什么。
- [《2023年人权（议会审查）修正案（考虑UNDRIP）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/human-rights-parliamentary-scrutiny-amendment-consideration-of-undrip-bill-2023-explained/): 独立参议员莉迪亚·索普的法案将要求所有联邦立法包含一份与UNDRIP（《联合国土著人民权利宣言》）的兼容性声明。以下解析其含义及在议会中的地位。
- [《2026年高等教育支持修正案（修复HECS）法案》解析：将指数化日期从6月1日移至11月1日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/higher-education-support-amendment-fix-hecs-bill-2026-explained/): Monique Ryan的私人成员法案将把HECS指数化日期从6月1日移至11月1日，使年度内已偿还的款项先行入账。
- [《2026年反洗钱与反恐融资修正案法案》：新的AUSTRAC权力详解](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/anti-money-laundering-and-counter-terrorism-financing-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 政府法案扩大AUSTRAC限制高风险服务的权力，更新恐怖主义融资定义，并对反洗钱/反恐融资法律作出技术性修正。
- [《2025年释放家庭住房供应法案》：扩大缩小住房者退休公积金缴款将如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/unlocking-supply-of-family-homes-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员Hume的法案将缩小住房者缴款年龄降至50岁、将窗口期延长至一年、并将最高额从30万澳元提高至50万澳元（根据退休公积金法）。
- [《道路车辆标准修正案（更安全的电动自行车）法案2025》：拟议的全国电动自行车监管将改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/road-vehicle-standards-amendment-safer-e-bikes-bill-2025-explained/): 独立议员Scamps的法案将电动自行车归类为道路车辆，适用涵盖速度、功率输出和电池要求的国家安全标准。
- [《2026年包装生产者延伸责任计划（刻不容缓）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/extended-producer-responsibility-scheme-for-packaging-no-time-to-waste-bill-2026-explained/): 绿党参议员提出的强制性包装生产者延伸责任(EPR)法案，将包装废弃物成本从地方议会转移至生产者。目前处于参议院阶段，委员会将于2026年8月6日提交报告。
- [《2025年澳大利亚住房局修正案（问责制）法案》：将带来哪些变化以及为何提出](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/housing-australia-amendment-accountability-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员Andrew Bragg提出的私人法案将使澳大利亚住房局投资指令(Housing Australia Investment Mandate)——包括住房担保计划(Home Guarantee Scheme)——接受议会否决权(Parliamentary Disallowance)审查。
- [《2026年国防军纪律修正案（RCDVS实施及相关措施第1号）法案》解读：军事司法改革、心理健康法庭和历史罪行撤销](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/defence-force-discipline-amendment-rcdvs-implementation-and-related-measures-no-1-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年国防军纪律修正案法案》的提案内容：皇家委员会自杀预防改革、新的国防心理健康法庭以及撤销历史犯罪记录。
- [《2026年澳大利亚公民身份修正案（剥夺恐怖分子澳大利亚公民身份）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australian-citizenship-amendment-stripping-terrorists-of-australian-citizenship-bill-2026-explained/): 以下是Barnaby Joyce的私人议员法案内容：该法案允许法院在双重国籍者因恐怖主义罪行被定罪后，剥夺其澳大利亚公民身份。以下是具体内容……
- [《2025年强制性监管影响声明法案》：Tyrrell的提案将改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/mandatory-regulation-impact-statement-bill-2025-explained/): 独立参议员Tammy Tyrrell的私人法案寻求将监管影响声明设为某些法案和立法文书的法定要求。
- [《2025年公平工作修正案（带薪生殖健康假与灵活工作安排）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/fair-work-amendment-paid-reproductive-health-leave-and-flexible-work-arrangements-bill-2025-explained/): 一项绿党法案提议为更年期提供12天带薪生殖健康假和灵活工作安排——它将带来哪些改变及当前进展如何。
- [《2025年游说（提高政府诚信和信任）法案》：它将如何改变游说规则](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/lobbying-improving-government-honesty-and-trust-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员Pocock的法案将游说监管建立在成文法基础上，为游说者与政府的往来制定可执行的规则。正在参议院审议中。
- [《2024年竞争与消费者修正案（资产剥离权）法案》：参议员McKim被否决的超市资产剥离推动解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/competition-and-consumer-amendment-divestiture-powers-bill-2024-explained/): 参议员McKim的法案将允许法院在滥用市场权力的情况下命令公司剥离资产，但参议院于6月26日否决了二读。
- [《2021年海关立法修正案（商业性灵缇犬进出口禁令）法案》：终止国际灵缇犬贸易的说明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/customs-legislation-amendment-commercial-greyhound-export-and-import-prohibition-bill-2021-explained/): 绿党参议员梅琳·法鲁奇提出的法案，依据海关法规，禁止出于赛狗、繁殖及商业目的进出口灵缇犬。
- [《2015年土地所有者拒绝（天然气与煤炭）法案》：其提案内容及为何屡次重现](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/landholders-right-to-refuse-gas-and-coal-bill-2015-explained/): 绿党参议员拉丽莎·沃特斯（Larissa Waters）的法案最初于2015年提出，并已恢复至第48届议会。该法案将赋予土地所有者拒绝天然气和煤炭开采的权利……
- [简明解读澳大利亚政府体制](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australia-s-system-of-government-in-plain-english/): 代议民主制、君主立宪制和联邦制如何结合，宪法将权力分配至议会、行政和法院三者之间。
- [澳大利亚宪法的作用](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-the-australian-constitution-does/): 宪法确立了联邦制度及其核心机构，分配了特定权力，并规定了通过全民公投修改自身的规则。
- [联邦制与权力划分](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/federation-and-the-division-of-powers/): 澳大利亚的联邦制度将权力在联邦与各州之间进行划分，宪法授予联邦特定权力，各州保留其余权力。
- [澳大利亚三级政府及其各自管辖范围](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/the-three-levels-of-government-and-who-controls-what/): 了解澳大利亚联邦、州/领地及地方三级政府的职责——无论您是核实政策主张还是寻求某项服务。
- [澳大利亚的三权分立](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/the-separation-of-powers-in-australia/): 澳大利亚议会、政府和法院之间如何划分立法、行政和司法权力，以及权力边界的重叠之处。
- [众议院的作用](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-the-house-of-representatives-does/): 众议院制定法律、审查行政、控制支出并决定谁组阁执政。它不仅仅是质询时间的辩论场。
- [参议院的作用](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-the-senate-does/): 联邦议会的上院。审查立法，开展调查并审查行政行为。政府对其的控制并非自动的。
- [澳大利亚为什么有两院制议会](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/why-australia-has-two-houses-of-parliament/): 澳大利亚的两院制议会融合了以人口为基础的众议院代表制和以平等州代表为基础的参议院代表制，要求大多数法律在两院均获通过。
- [法案如何成为法律](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/how-a-bill-becomes-law/): 联邦立法程序的逐步指南——从法案的提出，经历议会各阶段，到御准和生效。
- [议会委员会的作用](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-parliamentary-committees-do/): 议会委员会如何通过公开意见书和听证会审查立法、支出和政策，以及其报告如何向议会提供信息。
- [《2026年生物安全修正案（提升运行效率）法案》：它提出了什么，谁将受到影响](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/biosecurity-amendment-improving-operational-efficiency-bill-2026-explained/): 拟更新《2015年生物安全法》下旅客生物安全信息申报要求和经批准安排的程序，支持数字化澳大利亚旅行申报。
- [《2026年财政法修正案（税改第二号）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/treasury-laws-amendment-tax-reform-no-2-bill-2026-explained/): 2026年税改第二号法案：企业亏损结转、永久化2万澳元即时资产抵扣，以及巴布亚新几内亚就业收入免税。
- [《劳资关系立法修正案（清理公平工作委员会积压案件）法案2026》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/workplace-relations-legislation-amendment-clearing-the-fair-work-commission-backlog-bill-2026-explained/): 休姆参议员的法案将允许公平工作委员会驳回无理缠诉申请、书面审理案件，并为公路运输承包商设定收入门槛。
- [《碳信用（碳农业倡议）修正案法案2026》：挑战大考拉国家公园碳方法学的私人法案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/carbon-credits-carbon-farming-initiative-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员艾莉森·彭福德的法案将要求部长在批准碳抵消方法学之前权衡诚信事项。
- [安德鲁·威尔基的《2026年人权法案》：一项全国人权框架将会是什么样](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/human-rights-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员安德鲁·威尔基的《2026年人权法案》提议在澳大利亚国内法中落实其国际人权义务，并扩大…
- [《2026年互动赌博修正案（叫停赌博广告）法案》解读：凯特·查尼的赌博广告禁令将改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/interactive-gambling-amendment-stop-the-gambling-ads-bill-2026-explained/): 凯特·查尼的私人议员法案提议分阶段禁止持牌互动投注服务的广告——涵盖广播、数字和场馆媒体。
- [《2026年环境及其他立法修正案（取消核能禁令）法案》：卡纳文法案将实际产生何种影响](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/environment-and-other-legislation-amendment-removing-nuclear-energy-prohibitions-bill-2026-explained/): 卡纳文参议员的私人法案将通过修改《ARPANS法》和《EPBC法》取消联邦层面的核能禁令。该私人参议员法案现居参议院审议阶段…
- [《2025年新税制（家庭援助）修正案（废除不打针没补贴）法案》：安蒂克参议员的法案将如何改变托儿补贴免疫规则](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/a-new-tax-system-family-assistance-amendment-no-jab-no-pay-repeal-bill-2025-explained/): 安蒂克参议员的法案将修改家庭援助法，允许基于良心反对和年龄豁免托儿补贴的免疫要求。
- [《2025年高等教育支持修正案（公平学习与机会）法案》：戴乐推动削减社会与文化学科学生学费](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/higher-education-support-amendment-fair-study-and-opportunity-bill-2025-explained/): 独立议员戴乐的私人法案提议降低社会与文化学科的最高学生缴费额，挑战"就业导向型毕业生"计划。
- [《2024年选举立法修正案（公平领地代表）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-fair-territory-representation-bill-2024-explained/): 大卫·波科克的法案旨在增加首都领地和北领地参议院代表——它提出了什么、为何重要，以及在议会程序中的当前状态。
- [《2024年澳大利亚大学反犹主义调查委员会法案》：它将建立什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/commission-of-inquiry-into-antisemitism-at-australian-universities-bill-2024-explained/): 亨德森参议员的法案将建立一个拥有皇家委员会权力的法定调查委员会，调查澳大利亚大学的反犹主义。截至2026年7月，该法案现居参议院审议阶段。
- [《2018年公民投票（未来移民水平）法案》：它提出了什么、为何未能推进](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/plebiscite-future-migration-level-bill-2018-explained/): 宝琳·汉森参议员2018年的私人法案提议就移民是否过高举行全国公民投票，与下一次联邦选举同时进行。
- [如何阅读法案及说明备忘录](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/how-to-read-a-bill-and-explanatory-memorandum/): 将法案条款与现行法律对照阅读，再借助说明备忘录理解其含义。备忘录有助于法律解释，但其本身并非成文法。
- [议会特权的含义](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-parliamentary-privilege-means/): 特权保护议会运作的能力，包括受保护的议事过程和对抗干扰的权力——而非无视普通法的许可证。
- [质询时间：目的、规则和限制](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/question-time-purpose-rules-and-limits/): 质询时间是部长无需事先通知即可回答问题的每日论坛，受议事规则和政治实践的约束，而非宣誓证词。
- [大选后如何组建政府](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/how-the-government-is-formed-after-an-election/): 逐步解析决定澳大利亚联邦大选后由谁组建政府的宪法机制、惯例和实际步骤。
- [多数政府、少数政府与悬峙议会详解](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/majority-minority-and-hung-parliaments-explained/): 澳大利亚的多数政府、少数政府和悬峙议会分别是什么、联邦大选后如何形成，以及对执政意味着什么。
- [总理能做什么和不能做什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-the-prime-minister-can-and-cannot-do/): 总理领导政府并主持内阁，但在宪法、议会、政党及联邦制度制约下行使权力。权力强大，但并非总统制。
- [总督做什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-the-governor-general-does/): 总督是澳大利亚国家元首的代表，履行宪法职能、根据部长建议行事以及在某些情况下行使保留权力。
- [《2026年在线安全修正案（加强社交媒体最低年龄执法）法案》：执法将如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/online-safety-amendment-strengthening-enforcement-for-the-social-media-minimum-age-bill-2026-explained/): 审查加强澳大利亚社交媒体最低年龄框架执法权力的拟议方案，该法案于2026年9月通过两院，正等待御准。
- [《2026年在线安全修正案（修复我们的信息流）》：提案内容及当前状态](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/online-safety-amendment-fix-our-feeds-bill-2026-explained/): 参议员汉森-杨的私人法案将要求平台提供算法选择退出选项，并施加风险管理义务。目前在参议院审议中。
- [《2025年公平工作修正案（居家工作权利）》：波考克参议员的提案对雇员和雇主意味着什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/fair-work-amendment-right-to-work-from-home-bill-2025-explained/): 将在《公平工作法》下赋予雇员每周最多两天请求居家工作的权利。目前在参议院审议中，已提交委员会。
- [《2025年澳大利亚日法案》：将1月26日立法定为国庆日的解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australia-day-bill-2025-explained/): 亨利·派克的私人法案将首次在联邦立法中将澳大利亚日定为1月26日的国庆日。
- [《2025年高等教育支持修正案（终止肮脏大学伙伴关系）》：法鲁奇关于要求大学从被禁止实体撤资的提案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/higher-education-support-amendment-end-dirty-university-partnerships-bill-2025-explained/): 绿党参议员梅林·法鲁奇的法案将要求受公共资助的大学披露并撤出与武器制造商、化石燃料公司等的合作伙伴关系。
- [《2022年环境保护和生物多样性保护修正案（气候触发机制）》解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/environment-protection-and-biodiversity-conservation-amendment-climate-trigger-bill-2022-explained/): 莎拉·汉森-杨的长期法案旨在为澳大利亚国家环境法增加气候触发机制——其运作方式及多年后的当前状态。
- [《2019年广播服务修正案（音频描述）》：对广播机构的要求](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/broadcasting-services-amendment-audio-description-bill-2019-explained/): 斯蒂尔-约翰参议员的法案将要求广播机构为失明和视力障碍观众提供最低数量的音频描述。自2019年以来一直在参议院审议。
- [公投能改变什么——以及不能改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-a-referendum-changes-and-what-it-does-not/): 联邦公投可通过双重多数通过宪法修正案，但不会自动落实所有政策细节。
- [公民如何向议会提交意见书](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/how-citizens-can-make-a-parliamentary-submission/): 遵循委员会的职权范围、截止日期和指南。以证据回应问题，在提交前确定保密需求。
- [《2026 年贸易和投资协定（磋商）法案》：一项私人参议员法案为贸易透明度提出的方案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/trade-and-investment-agreements-consultation-bill-2026-explained/): 一项私人参议员法案将设立贸易咨询小组、要求在签署自由贸易协定前进行独立分析，并强制要求公众问责。
- [《2026年公共治理、绩效和问责修正案（本地产业优先）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/public-governance-performance-and-accountability-amendment-local-industry-preference-bill-2026-explained/): Dai Le的私人成员法案将修订PGPA法，使指定联邦招标中在考虑非本国企业之前先考虑本国制造商。
- [《2026 年监管改革综合法案》：它将如何改变 28 部联邦法律](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/regulatory-reform-omnibus-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026 年监管改革综合法案》提议修订或废止 28 部联邦法律，以削减繁文缛节、扩大「告知一次」数据共享并简化行政程序。
- [《2026 年优质农业用地保护法案（第 2 号）》：Canavan 推动保护农田免受开发的努力](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/prime-agricultural-land-protection-bill-2026-no-2-explained/): 国家党参议员 Canavan 的私人法案将建立一个识别和保护优质农业用地免受开发的框架。目前在参议院。
- [《2026 年网络安全修正案（扩大成人网络虐待保护）》解析：降低 eSafety 删除令的门槛](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/online-safety-amendment-broadening-adult-cyber-abuse-protections-bill-2026-explained/): 参议员 Fatima Payman 的私人参议员法案提议降低成人网络虐待投诉向 eSafety 专员提出的门槛，此前仅 6% 的报告符合条件。
- [《2026 年国旗修正案（保护澳大利亚国旗）》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/flags-amendment-protection-of-australian-national-flags-bill-2026-explained/): 国家党议员 Pat Conaghan 的私人成员法案将把焚烧或亵渎澳大利亚国旗定为刑事犯罪，罚款最高 16,500 澳元或 12 个月监禁。
- [《2025 年抗议权利法案》：它提出的内容以及关于法定抗议权的辩论](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/right-to-protest-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员 Shoebridge 的法案将承认和平抗议的法定权利，并推翻与之不一致的州和领地反抗议法律。
- [《2025 年薪酬法庭修正案（为公共服务而非利润）》：参议员 Lambie 限制高级公职人员薪酬的提案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/remuneration-tribunal-amendment-there-for-public-service-not-profit-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员 Lambie 的法案将把高级公职人员薪酬上限设为平均周收入五倍，修订《1973 年薪酬法庭法》。
- [《2020 年澳大利亚教育立法修正案（禁止对儿童灌输）》：Hanson 跨越三届议会的课程法案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australian-education-legislation-amendment-prohibiting-the-indoctrination-of-children-bill-2020-explained/): Pauline Hanson 长期推动的私人法案寻求在学校教育中强制要求「平衡呈现对立观点」，并将联邦学校拨款与此挂钩。
- [《2026年航空消费者保护（相应修订与过渡条款）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/aviation-consumer-protection-consequential-amendments-and-transitional-provisions-bill-2026-explained/): 作为航空消费者法案的配套法案，修订18部法律以设立飞机噪音监察专员，并实现从澳大利亚航空服务局噪音办公室的过渡。
- [《2026年澳大利亚刑事情报委员会（国家警务信息收费）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australian-criminal-intelligence-commission-national-policing-information-charges-bill-2026-explained/): 作为《2026年ACIC法案》的配套措施，这项内政部组合措施将对ACIC协调的犯罪历史检查征收国家收费。
- [《2026年刑法修正案（国旗保护）法案》：Rebekha Sharkie提出的罪行解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/criminal-code-amendment-flag-protection-bill-2026-explained/): Rebekha Sharkie议员的私人法案拟设立一项联邦罪行，针对澳大利亚国旗、原住民旗和托雷斯海峡岛民旗的毁坏或不当对待行为。
- [《2025年电信立法修正案（全民户外移动服务义务）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/telecommunications-legislation-amendment-universal-outdoor-mobile-obligation-bill-2025-explained/): 《2025年全民户外移动服务义务法案》将为所有澳大利亚人保障基本户外移动信号覆盖。以下是该法案的提案内容及审查情况。
- [《2025年澳大利亚安全情报组织修正案（第2号）法案》：使ASIO的强制讯问权永久化及其意义](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australian-security-intelligence-organisation-amendment-bill-no-2-2025-explained/): 一项政府法案，使澳大利亚安全情报组织（ASIO）的强制讯问权框架永久化，扩大成年人讯问令的适用范围，并引入额外保障，包括强制向总检察长报告以及被控后讯问须在退休法官面前进行。该法案属内政部（Home Affairs）事务范围，于2026年8月20日获两院通过，现待王室御准，尚未生效。
- [《2024年数字身份废除法案》：它将撤销什么以及反对澳大利亚数字身份系统的论点](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/digital-id-repeal-bill-2024-explained/): 六位跨党派参议员提议废除《2024年数字身份法案》，认为这一“自愿”系统实际上将变成强制性的。
- [《2023年降低投票年龄法案》：绿党关于16岁投票权的提案解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-lowering-the-voting-age-bill-2023-explained/): Steele-John参议员的法案拟将联邦投票年龄从18岁降至16岁，16-17岁为自愿投票，并扩大临时投票的适用范围。
- [《2026年葡萄酒及其他立法修正案法案》：将改变什么以及谁受影响](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/wine-and-other-legislation-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 提交参议院审议的一项政府法案将修正《2013年澳大利亚葡萄酒管理局法》以开展行业调查和信息使用，引入葡萄酒葡萄强制性行为准则，并修正征税征收法律。
- [大型体育赛事（标志与形象）保护修正案法案2026：从附件清单转向规则制度，服务布里斯班2032](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/major-sporting-events-indicia-and-images-protection-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 这项法案将允许未来的大型体育赛事（包括布里斯班2032）通过立法规则获得保护，而无需为每项赛事制定新法案。
- [《公共治理、绩效与问责修正案（支持小企业按时获得付款）法案2026》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/public-governance-performance-and-accountability-amendment-supporting-small-businesses-to-be-paid-on-time-bill-2026-explained/): 阿莱格拉·斯彭德的议员私人法案将禁止联邦与拖欠小供应商款项的企业签订合同。
- [《2026年联邦环境水权持有人调查委员会法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/commonwealth-environmental-water-holder-commission-of-inquiry-bill-2026-explained/): 参议员Ross Cadell的个人法案提议对联邦环境水权持有人的环境水管理设立调查委员会。
- [《2025年国防修正案（性侵预防、干预和应对委员会）法案》：Jacqui Lambie提议的国防监督机构](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/defence-amendment-sexual-assault-prevention-intervention-and-response-commission-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员Jacqui Lambie的个人法案将设立性侵预防、干预和应对委员会作为独立法定机构，监督ADF内部事务。
- [《2025年PGPA修正案（禁止不道德承包商）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/public-governance-performance-and-accountability-amendment-ban-unethical-contractors-bill-2025-explained/): 绿党参议员Barbara Pocock的个人参议员法案将禁止联邦与从事过不道德行为的供应商签订采购合同。
- [《2025年养老金保障（一线紧急服务工作者）法案》：为消防员和急救员增加4.4%养老金将意味着什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/superannuation-guarantee-administration-amendment-frontline-emergency-service-workers-bill-2025-explained/): 绿党参议员McKim的法案将消防员和急救员的养老金保障费率提高4.4%，以匹配ADF基本费率。在参议院待审。
- [《2020年国防修正案（海外服役议会批准）法案》：要求议会批准ADF部署的提案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/defence-amendment-parliamentary-approval-of-overseas-service-bill-2020-explained/): 参议员Steele-John的法案将要求议会两院批准ADF海外部署，设有紧急例外和定期报告。
- [《2026年行政与司法审查立法修正案法案》：它将改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/administrative-and-judicial-review-legislation-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年行政与司法审查立法修正案法案》提出修改个人挑战政府决定的方式：授权行政审查仲裁庭（ART）登记官行使额外权力、允许更正明显错误、调整非司法成员的任命依据，并对迁移及税务等审查申请的表格、身份核验与时限作出规定。该法案于2026年8月20日获众议院通过，现待参议院审议。
- [《2026年澳大利亚刑事情报委员会法案》解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australian-criminal-intelligence-commission-bill-2026-explained/): 政府的法案继续将澳大利亚刑事情报委员会（ACIC）作为澳大利亚的国家刑事情报机构，并对其职能进行了调整，包括扩大其在……方面的权力。
- [《2025年废除净零排放法案[第2号]》：参议员卡纳文关于撤销澳大利亚气候立法的提案解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/repeal-net-zero-bill-2025-no-2-explained/): 卡纳文参议员的私人法案将废除五项与气候相关的法案，包括《2022年气候变化法案》和《2024年净零经济管理局法案》，并进行修订。
- [《2025年社会保障及其他立法修正案（应对机器人债务）[第2号]》：该法案将带来的变化](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/social-security-and-other-legislation-amendment-responding-to-robodebt-bill-2025-no-2-explained/): 参议员奥尔曼-佩恩的私人法案通过修改社会保障法中关于债务追讨和信息的规定，落实了机器人债务皇家委员会的建议。
- [《2025年选举立法修正案（选举传播）法案（第2号）》：政治广告真实性、深度伪造技术及媒体禁令的终结](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-electoral-communications-bill-2025-no-2-explained/): 独立参议员大卫·波科克（David Pocock）提出的法案将禁止包括深度伪造在内的实质性误导性选举材料，要求披露人工智能使用情况，并设立一个选举委员会……
- [2023年《选举立法修正案（更公平合同与拨款）法案》：拟禁止政府承包商进行政治捐款](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/electoral-legislation-amendment-fairer-contracts-and-grants-bill-2023-explained/): 绿党参议员拉里萨·沃特斯提出的法案将禁止与政府有合同或拨款关系的企业及其密切关联方进行政治捐款。
- [《2023年版权法修正案（广播播放公平报酬）法案》：取消对电台向艺术家支付报酬的上限。](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/copyright-legislation-amendment-fair-pay-for-radio-play-bill-2023-explained/): 参议员波科克提出的法案取消了版权法庭对广播版税的上限，允许录音制品所有者及澳大利亚广播公司（ABC）按市场费率确定版税。
- [《2026年老年护理立法修正案（原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民老年护理专员及其他措施）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/aged-care-legislation-amendment-aboriginal-and-torres-strait-islander-aged-care-commissioner-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): 设立原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民老年护理专员，并为提供者退款和住宿付款选择制定永久性系统规则。
- [《2026年海关修正案（保障措施调查）法案》：它将如何改变贸易救济调查](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/customs-amendment-safeguard-inquiries-bill-2026-explained/): 2026年法案将把保障措施调查从生产力委员会移交至更名的澳大利亚贸易救济委员会。
- [《2026年联邦选举修正案（禁止肮脏捐款）法案》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/commonwealth-electoral-amendment-banning-dirty-donations-bill-2026-explained/): 绿党参议员Steph Hodgins-May的私人参议员法案提议禁止特定行业的政治捐款，将所有来源的捐款上限设为每选举周期3,000澳元。
- [《2025年气候变化（国家适应框架）法案》：将创建什么以及如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/climate-change-national-framework-for-adaptation-bill-2025-explained/): Zali Steggall的私人议员法案将创建国家气候适应管理局、强制性风险评估和滚动适应计划。目前在众议院审理中。
- [私人健康保险修正案（私人健康保险回扣现代化）法案2026：它将改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/private-health-insurance-amendment-modernising-the-private-health-insurance-rebate-bill-2026-explained/): 2026年6月25日提出的一项卫生法案将使私人健康保险回扣现代化。法案已提交参议院委员会，报告定于2026年10月提交。
- [《2026年航空消费者保护征费法案》：新乘客保护体系将如何获得资金](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/aviation-consumer-protection-levy-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年航空消费者保护征费法案》对航空公司和机场征收年度征费，为澳大利亚新的航空旅行消费者监督机构提供资金。
- [《2025年社交媒体最低年龄废除法案》：它将改变什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/social-media-minimum-age-repeal-bill-2025-explained/): 一项私人参议员法案，旨在从《2021年网络安全法》中删除社交媒体最低年龄要求——提案内容、支持者及当前状态。
- [澳大利亚《外交关系（州与领地安排）修正法案》2026（Australia's Foreign Relations (State and Territory Arrangements) Amendment Bill 2026）：强化对次国家级涉外安排的国家利益监管](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/australia-s-foreign-relations-state-and-territory-arrangements-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 该法案通过将国家利益确立为计划宗旨、赋予部长对涉外安排施加条件的权力、为已经评估过的安排取消不必要的审批步骤，并把监督范围扩大到澳大利亚大学的海外校区，来加强联邦对州与领地政府涉外安排的国家利益监管；2026年8月19日议会情报与安全联合委员会提交咨询报告，二读辩论在众议院恢复并由总检察长宣布休会。
- [《2026年反歧视立法修正案（性取向、性别认同与性别特征歧视专员）法案》：拟议变更说明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/anti-discrimination-legislation-amendment-sexual-orientation-gender-identity-and-sex-characteristics-discrimination-commissioner-bill-2026-explained/): 由参议员Nick McKim（绿党）于2026年6月30日提出的私人参议员法案，将修正《1984年性别歧视法》，设立专门的LGBTIQA+歧视专员。
- [《2026年优质农业用地保护法案》详解](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/prime-agricultural-land-protection-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员Alison Penfold的私人法案拟通过法定框架和专员制度保护澳大利亚优质农业用地免受不兼容开发的影响。
- [《2025年议会公共咨询与服务合同联合委员会法案》详解：对数十亿政府咨询支出的新监督](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/parliamentary-joint-committee-on-public-consultancy-and-services-contracts-bill-2025-explained/): Colbeck参议员的法案拟设一个由8名成员组成的联合委员会，负责审查联邦咨询合同，超过设定金额的合同须强制提交。
- [《2025年刑法修正案（废除强制最低刑期）法案》：废除强制最低刑期说明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/crimes-amendment-repeal-mandatory-minimum-sentences-bill-2025-explained/): 绿党参议员Mehreen Faruqi的私人法案废除《1914年刑法》中的强制最低刑期，恢复法官的量刑裁量权。
- [2026年《联邦土地（可负担住房）法案》：参议员Pocock的提案将如何改变公共土地上的住房开发](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/commonwealth-land-affordable-housing-bill-2026-explained/): 参议员Pocock的法案将要求联邦土地出售给私人开发商时确保30%为可负担住房，由非营利社区住房提供商管理。
- [2025年《环境及其他立法修正（低排放未来）法案》解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/environment-and-other-legislation-amendment-low-emissions-future-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员Hume的私人法案将取消澳大利亚的核能禁令，并允许ARENA和CEFC支持核技术。目前在参议院待审。
- [2025年《举报人保护机构法案》解析：Pocock和Lambie关于建立独立举报人机构的提案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/whistleblower-protection-authority-bill-2025-explained/): 这项跨党派法案将设立一个独立的举报人保护机构，配有专员、执法权力和一个咨询委员会——一项新的制度安排。
- [2024年《交互博彩修正（禁止博彩广告）法案》：拟议的广告禁令将做什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/interactive-gambling-amendment-ban-gambling-ads-bill-2024-explained/): 绿党参议员Sarah Hanson-Young的私人法案提议分阶段禁止持牌交互投注服务的广告投放，修订《交互博彩法》。
- [《2026年性别歧视修正案（基于性别的权利）法案》：议员艾莉森·彭福德的提案将带来哪些变化](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/sex-discrimination-amendment-sex-based-rights-bill-2026-explained/): 艾莉森·彭福德的法案将重新定义《性别歧视法》中的术语，以承认生理性别，并根据拟议的新第32A条保护女性专属空间。
- [2026年《联邦环境水持有者调查委员会法案（第2号）》：拟议调查将调查的内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/commonwealth-environmental-water-holder-commission-of-inquiry-bill-2026-no-2-explained/): 私人议员法案提议对联邦环境水持有者的管理、绩效和环境成果进行调查。
- [2026年航空消费者保护征费（征收）法案：如何为航空旅客保护提供资金](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/aviation-consumer-protection-levy-collection-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年航空消费者保护征费（征收）法案》提议对航空运营商征收一项征费，以资助新的航空消费者保护框架。
- [2026年保护澳大利亚优质农业用地法案：安德鲁·吉的提案内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/protecting-australia-s-prime-agricultural-land-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员吉的私人法案禁止将优质农田用于非农业用途，以回应可再生能源和采矿方面的担忧。该法案已提交众议院。
- [2024年国家住房与无家可归者计划法案：波科克的立法化住房战略蓝图](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/national-housing-and-homelessness-plan-bill-2024-explained/): 独立参议员大卫·波科克的法案将设立法定国家住房与无家可归者计划、消费者委员会和独立倡导者。
- [部长与部门的职责](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/what-ministers-and-departments-do/): 部长对部门事务承担政治责任并依法决策；部门根据《公共服务法》提供行政管理和建议。
- [《2026年打击非法烟草法案》（Combatting Illicit Tobacco Bill 2026）解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/combatting-illicit-tobacco-bill-2026-explained/): 政府法案将提高非法烟草违法行为的刑事与民事处罚、为调查烟草犯罪提供通讯拦截令，并扩大《2002年犯罪所得法》下没收犯罪资产的权力，包括简化不明财富令；该法案已于2026年5月14日、6月4日和6月22日进行二读辩论，并于2026年8月20日通过议会两院，正等待御准。
- [《犯罪及其他立法修正（综合第1号）法案 2026》解读：AFP机场权力、毒品数量门槛调整及引渡改革](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/crimes-and-other-legislation-amendment-omnibus-no-1-bill-2026-explained/): 这份政府综合法案（omnibus bill）把六项各自独立的改革打包进单一立法：授予澳大利亚联邦警察（AFP）在新西悉尼机场的驱离与身份核查权力，改革严重毒品犯罪中数量门槛的判定方式，就公诉主任（DPP）利益冲突提供机制，澄清引渡程序并授予警方新权力，同时更新电信拦截立法。
- [2026年《海上石油与温室气体储存修正（国内储备）法案》解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/offshore-petroleum-and-greenhouse-gas-storage-amendment-domestic-reserve-bill-2026-explained/): 汉森参议员的法案要求海上天然气生产商通过强制性联邦协议预留国内供应。该法案已提交参议院，并已提交委员会审议。
- [2025年《大澳大利亚湾（世界遗产保护）法案》解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/great-australian-bight-world-heritage-protection-bill-2025-explained/): 绿党参议员莎拉·汉森-杨提出的法案将禁止在大澳大利亚湾进行采矿，并要求政府寻求联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录。该…
- [内阁、党团会议与部：有何区别？](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/cabinet-caucus-and-the-ministry-what-is-the-difference/): 内阁做出政府决策，部包括所有部长，而党团会议是政党议会成员根据党内规则举行的会议。
- [2026年社会保障及其他立法修正案（第二号技术变更）法案解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/social-security-and-other-legislation-amendment-technical-changes-no-2-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年社会保障及其他立法修正案（第二号技术变更）法案》对社会保障法进行技术性和行政性修订。
- [《2026年保密条款修正（废除犯罪）法案》解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/secrecy-provisions-amendment-repealing-offences-bill-2026-explained/): 政府的《保密条款修正法案》提议将联邦官员未经授权披露信息的刑事犯罪替换为……
- [2026年透明优质公共任命法案：政府职位的独立遴选小组解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/transparent-and-quality-public-appointments-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员Scamps提出的法案，旨在设立独立遴选小组、公共任命专员和议会委员会，以实现基于择优的任命。
- [2025年社会保障及其他立法修正案（回应机器人债务）法案：它将改变什么及其重要性](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/social-security-and-other-legislation-amendment-responding-to-robodebt-bill-2025-explained/): 独立议员安德鲁·威尔基的私人议员法案将把机器人债务皇家委员会关于债务追讨、自动化决策和危机...的未落实建议纳入立法。
- [《2025年治疗用品修正案法案》：一项关于药品监管的微小技术性修正说明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/therapeutic-goods-amendment-bill-2025-explained/): 对《1989年治疗用品法》进行的一项微小技术性修正，属于总理管辖范围，仅作行政更正，不涉及政策变化。
- [联邦法院如何融入体系](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/how-federal-courts-fit-into-the-system/): 高等法院及其他联邦法院如何根据《宪法》第三章独立于议会和行政机构行使司法权。
- [《联邦选举修正案（政治广告中的选民保护）法案2026》：扎莉·斯特格尔的议员私人法案解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/commonwealth-electoral-amendment-voter-protections-in-political-advertising-bill-2026-explained/): 扎莉·斯特格尔的议员私人法案将禁止误导或欺骗性选举材料，并为政治广告增加透明度规则。
- [《2026年电信立法修正案（加强自然灾害中的通信）》：临时漫游、备用电源和拨款变更说明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/telecommunications-legislation-amendment-strengthening-communications-in-natural-disasters-bill-2026-explained/): 独立议员海伦·海因斯的私人法案要求高风险移动站点配备最低备用电源，启用临时灾难漫游，并调整灾难相关拨款。
- [2025年《在线安全及其他立法修正案（我的脸，我的权利）》：深度伪造保护措施解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/online-safety-and-other-legislation-amendment-my-face-my-rights-bill-2025-explained/): 参议员大卫·波科克的私人法案创建了针对非自愿深度伪造的投诉机制以及针对数字篡改内容不当使用的隐私侵权诉讼。
- [2026年财政部法律修正案（加强税务顾问不当行为问责及其他措施）法案：将改变什么及影响谁](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/treasury-laws-amendment-strengthening-accountability-for-tax-adviser-misconduct-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): 一项于2026年7月2日提出的财政部法案将加强税务顾问问责，并改变外国居民资本利得税和并购规则。目前处于众议院审议阶段。
- [2026年《互动博彩修正（博彩改革）法案》：广告禁令、BetStop、在线基诺与离岸执法解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/interactive-gambling-amendment-gambling-reform-bill-2026-explained/): 政府法案限制博彩广告、扩大BetStop并禁止在线基诺；已于2026年8月18日通过众议院，现待参议院审议。
- [《2026年现金分配框架（配套修正与过渡条款）法案》：它将改变什么以及影响谁](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/cash-distribution-framework-consequential-amendments-and-transitional-provisions-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年现金分配框架法案》的配套法案，对现行联邦法律作出配套修正并设立过渡条款，赋予澳大利亚竞争与消费者委员会（ACCC）过渡性权力，以确保在新框架全面实施期间现金分配服务的连续性，并保持全澳现金使用渠道畅通。该法案于2026年8月20日获两院通过，现待王室御准。
- [《2026年法规更新法案》解读：它将改变什么及其重要性](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/statute-update-bill-2026-explained/): 对联邦立法进行小型技术性修正的政府法案。已通过众议院；参议院委员会于2026年8月7日提交报告。
- [2026年国防立法修正案（皇家委员会国防与退伍军人自杀问题建议实施及相关措施第2号）法案：将改变的内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/defence-legislation-amendment-rcdvs-implementation-and-related-measures-no-2-bill-2026-explained/): 回应皇家委员会关于国防与退伍军人自杀问题：信息共享、健康服务、家庭支持和ADF服役资格；目前提交参议院审议。
- [《2026年关税修正（纳入提案）法案（第1号）》（Customs Tariff Amendment (Incorporation of Proposals) Bill (No. 1) 2026）：取消「麻烦关税」、延长对俄关税、继续对乌援助](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/customs-tariff-amendment-incorporation-of-proposals-bill-no-1-2026-explained/): 《关税修正法案》将约500项「麻烦关税」的普通税率设定为零关税以降低企业合规成本，并将对俄罗斯和白俄罗斯商品的35%附加关税延长24个月至2027年10月24日，同时继续对乌克兰商品适用零关税至2028年7月3日，并清理已失效的秘鲁自贸协定条款。
- [《2026年国家残疾保险计划修正案（保障NDIS造福后代）法案》：将改变的内容及影响对象](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/national-disability-insurance-scheme-amendment-securing-the-ndis-for-future-generations-bill-2026-explained/): 一项NDIS改革法案在众议院通过，附带30项修正案。该法案将收紧资格标准、引入计划结束日期并扩大欺诈执法。目前待参议院审议。
- [2026年治疗用品修正案（药品短缺及其他措施）法案：内容及影响对象](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/therapeutic-goods-amendment-medicines-shortages-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年治疗用品修正案（药品短缺及其他措施）法案》将加强药品短缺报告制度，并创建通用生物制品类别。
- [《2026年治疗用品（收费）修正法案》：它将改变什么以及影响谁](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/therapeutic-goods-charges-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 《2026年治疗用品（收费）修正法案》允许对澳大利亚治疗用品登记册中的分组生物制品条目征收年费，从而降低监管成本。以下是具体内容…
- [2026年《国家自我排除登记册（成本回收征费）修正法案》：内容变化与BetStop如何获得资金](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/national-self-exclusion-register-cost-recovery-levy-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 解读拟议扩大BetStop成本回收范围以覆盖推广和部门支出的法案，这是政府更广泛博彩改革的一部分。
- [2026年现金分配框架法案：它将改变什么以及谁会受到影响](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/cash-distribution-framework-bill-2026-explained/): 2026年现金分配框架法案于2026年8月20日通过两院（众议院同意参议院的一项修正案后），目前正等待御准。
- [《大学协议（打开机遇之门）法案2026》：它对澳大利亚高等教育提出了什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/universities-accord-opening-the-doors-of-opportunity-bill-2026-explained/): 36亿澳元用于大学管理式增长和按需资助，每年为弱势学生新增16,000多个联邦资助名额。
- [《老年护理修正案（恢复老年护理需求评估中的人为裁量）法案2026》解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/aged-care-amendment-restoring-human-override-for-aged-care-needs-assessments-bill-2026-explained/): 跨党派法案明确老年护理需求评估员可使用专业裁量权，于2026年7月2日通过参议院。
- [2026年健康保险修正案（激励支付及其他措施）法案：激励支付框架与医疗保险更名解释](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/health-insurance-amendment-incentive-payments-and-other-measures-bill-2026-explained/): 该法案将创建健康激励支付计划，并将《健康保险法》更名为《医疗保险法》。已在众议院通过，现提交参议院审议。
- [《2026年健康立法修正案（改善私人健康消费者的选择与透明度）法案》：它将改变什么以及影响谁](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/health-legislation-amendment-improving-choice-and-transparency-for-private-health-consumers-bill-2026-explained/): 将要求公布专科医生费用和自付费用，并赋予卫生部长阻止私人健康保险费上涨的权力。
- [2026年《旅客流动费修正法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/passenger-movement-charge-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，拟将旅客流动费提高至80澳元；其二读辩论于2026年8月19日在众议院恢复。
- [《2026年财政部法律修正（新闻媒体谈判）（附随）法案》（Treasury Laws Amendment (News Media Bargaining) (Consequential) Bill 2026）：其提案内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/treasury-laws-amendment-news-media-bargaining-consequential-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，就《1977年行政决策（司法审查）法》、《1997年所得税评估法》和《1953年税收管理法》作出附随技术性修订，以支持新出台的《2026年新闻媒体谈判（行政）法案》的运作，确保新闻媒体谈判收费不可用于税务抵扣、将相关开支视为与税务相关的开支，并纳入司法审查范围。
- [2026年《国库法律修正（取消遗孀与配偶税）法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/treasury-laws-amendment-removing-the-widows-and-spouses-tax-bill-2026-explained/): 一项参议员私人法案，旨在共同持有的投资物业因一方去世或离婚而转移时，保留祖父条款下的负扣税和资本利得税优惠。
- [2026年《幼儿教育与保育工作者工资公正（特别账户）（扩大支持与加强安全）法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/wage-justice-early-childhood-education-and-care-workers-special-account-extending-support-and-strengthening-safety-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，旨在延长幼儿教育与保育工作者留任补贴特别账户，并为该行业增加儿童安全资金。
- [《反恐立法修正案 2026》：它提出了什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/counter-terrorism-legislation-amendment-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，旨在将关键联邦反恐权力再延长三年，并修改《刑法典》中的控制令与判后令框架，涵盖信息共享、犯罪记录信息查询、对年轻人的适用及电子监视令等；其于2026年8月12日提交，二读辩论于2026年8月19日在众议院恢复，该法案于8月20日通过众议院，现提交参议院。
- [2026年8月11日众议院会议：校订版议事录记载了什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/house-of-representatives-proof-11-august-2026/): 对2026年8月11日众议院会议校订版议事录的解读，涵盖议程调整、法案、表决和发言。
- [2026年《保护澳大利亚人免受外国恐怖主义战斗人员侵害法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/protecting-australians-from-foreign-terrorist-fighters-bill-2026-explained/): 一项参议员私人法案，拟设立外国恐怖主义战斗人员排除令，并加强反恐相关罪行的护照和保释法律。
- [2026年《养老金立法修正（年轻工作者公平养老金）法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/superannuation-legislation-amendment-fair-super-for-young-workers-bill-2026-explained/): 一项参议员私人法案，拟将养老金保障扩大到每周工作少于30小时的18岁以下工作者。
- [2026年8月17日众议院：校订版议事录记录了哪些内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/house-of-representatives-proof-17-august-2026/): 对2026年8月17日众议院会议校订版议事录的解读，涵盖质询时间、一次谴责动议尝试和多项法案。
- [《2026年人权（活产婴儿保护）法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/human-rights-children-born-alive-protection-bill-2026-explained/): 一项议员个人法案，拟要求对终止妊娠后活产的新生儿提供医疗照护，并规定违反该义务构成犯罪。
- [2026年《互动博彩（成本回收征费）法案》：内容解读](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/interactive-gambling-cost-recovery-levy-bill-2026-explained/): 对投注服务提供商征收征费以使ACMA回收新广告执法成本的法案，已于2026年8月18日通过众议院，并列入参议院提交议程。
- [新闻媒体付费法案 2026：它提出了什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/news-journalism-payments-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，拟设立法定付款计划，将新闻议价激励（NBI）——一种对大型数字平台征收、可通过与澳大利亚新闻机构达成商业协议而减少或免除的费用——所筹集的收入分配给澳大利亚符合资格的新闻机构，以支持从事公共利益新闻报道的记者就业。该法案已获议会两院通过，现正等待御准。
- [《2026年新闻媒体谈判收费法案》（News Media Bargaining Charge Bill 2026）：其提案内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/news-media-bargaining-charge-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，对在澳大利亚提供重大社交媒体或搜索服务、并达到数字广告收入门槛的大型数字平台征收新闻媒体谈判收费；平台可通过与至少八家澳大利亚新闻机构达成商业协议实现收费抵销，所有收费收入将拨入新闻稿酬支付计划，详细的计算与纳税义务规则载于配套的管理法案。
- [众议院《汉萨德》校对稿，2026年8月19日：当日议院做了哪些事](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/house-of-representatives-proof-19-august-2026/): 本文回顾2026年8月19日众议院会议：新闻媒体议价一揽子五项法案经辩论并通过众议院送交参议院，同时反恐立法修正案、澳大利亚对外关系修正案及打击非法烟草法案等多项法案被移交联邦大堂进一步审议，展现当日各项立法所处的不同进程与阶段，其中多项当时尚未成为法律。
- [《新闻媒体议价（管理）法案 2026》：它提出了什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/news-media-bargaining-administration-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，用于设立并管理面向大型数字平台的新闻媒体激励（NMI）收费：若母公司或其服务集团成员提供重要社会媒体或搜索服务，且服务集团达到相关澳大利亚数字广告收入门槛，则须缴纳该费用，并可通过在至少八家澳大利亚新闻企业集团的相关新增合规支出抵减全部或部分费用。
- [新闻媒体付费（配套修正）法案 2026：它提出了什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/news-journalism-payments-consequential-amendments-bill-2026-explained/): 一项政府法案，对《2010年竞争与消费者法》（Competition and Consumer Act 2010）作配套修正，以支持新闻媒体付费计划（News Journalism Payment Scheme），要求通信与媒体管理局向主管部门通报注册新闻企业指定事件。法案于2026年8月20日获两院通过，待王室御准。
- [《海关及其他立法修正案（非法烟草执法现代化及其他措施）法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/customs-and-other-legislation-amendment-illicit-tobacco-enforcement-modernisation-and-other-measures-bill-2026/): 阿尔巴尼斯政府提出法案，拟现代化《1901年海关法》，使检方无需再证明被告知道非法烟草为非法进口。
- [《诺克斯集体诉讼（便利化）法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/knox-class-action-facilitation-bill-2026/): 《诺克斯集体诉讼（便利化）法案2026》于2026年9月提出，旨在支持被称为「诺克斯诉联邦」的创纪录机器人债务集体诉讼和解方案的落实。
- [《国家学生申诉专员征费法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/national-student-ombudsman-levy-bill-2026/): 该法案将通过征费，把国家学生申诉专员每年约1100万澳元的运行成本从联邦政府转由高等教育机构承担，并对迟缴或不缴设有罚则。
- [《高等教育质量与标准署修正案（国家学生申诉专员征费）法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/tertiary-education-quality-and-standards-agency-amendment-national-student-ombudsman-levy-bill-2026/): 该法案修正《2011年高等教育质量与标准署法》，使高等教育监管机构可以征收和管理国家学生申诉专员征费，欠缴将被视为违反机构的注册条件。
- [《人工智能切断开关与数据中心管控法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/ai-kill-switch-and-data-centre-control-bill-2026/): 独立议员安德鲁·吉提出的议员私人法案，将要求受涵盖先进人工智能系统的提供者保持限制、暂停或关闭这些系统的能力，并对新建和扩建人工智能数据中心实施暂停。
- [《自动化决策（保障与透明）法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/automated-decision-making-safeguards-and-transparency-bill-2026/): 独立议员凯特·钱尼提出的议员私人法案，将禁止联邦机构对需要判断的决策进行自动化，要求公开并审查高风险系统，并保障人工推翻权和审查权。
- [《外交任命（遴选程序）法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/diplomatic-appointments-selection-process-bill-2026/): 由参议员法蒂玛·佩曼提出的参议院议员私人法案，将对前议员出任指定外交职位施加10年冷却期，并要求由独立遴选委员会以择优方式推荐人选。
- [《枪械立法修正案（废除不公平枪支法）法案2026（第2号）》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/firearms-legislation-amendment-repealing-unfair-gun-laws-bill-2026-no-2/): 一项由国家党议员在众议院提出的议员私人法案，拟废除国家枪支回购计划，并撤销议会于2026年1月通过的枪支法的部分内容。
- [《税法修正案（激励向慈善组织捐赠食物）法案2026》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/government/tax-laws-amendment-incentivising-food-donations-to-charitable-organisations-bill-2026/): 一项于2026年9月重新提出的参议员私人法案，拟为公司向注册食品慈善机构捐赠剩余食物提供税收抵免；此前政府已否决该措施的较早版本。

## 政策与主张核查（简体中文）

- [参议院2026年6月23日辩论纪要：税制改革、质询环节激烈交锋与生活成本压力](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-23/): 2026年6月23日参议院辩论涵盖税制改革法案、质询环节交锋以及生活成本动议。本文审核了主要分歧和跨党派立场。
- [众议院辩论回顾：2026年5月25日——预算拨款法案、Neale Daniher追悼及议员个人事务](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-25/): 众议院就2026-27年度预算案、向Neale Daniher AO致哀以及关于生活成本、家庭暴力和能源问题的动议展开辩论。
- [2026年3月11日参议院辩论内容：伊朗战争、国家安全法案、超级年金选择权与伊斯兰恐惧症动议](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-11/): 参议院就澳大利亚介入伊朗冲突、一项联盟党国家安全法案、超级年金选择权改革以及一项绿党关于伊斯兰恐惧症的动议展开辩论。
- [众议院2026年3月26日辩论内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-26/): 2026年3月26日众议院会议：ASIO修正案辩论、自然积极法案通过、关于住房、生活成本、预算和气旋Alfred的质询时间。
- [众议院2026年3月4日辩论摘要：养老金税改、医疗"邮编抽签"与家庭暴力](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-04/): 众议院就争议性的养老金税改、医疗保健"邮编抽签"、家庭暴力委员会报告及NAIF延期展开辩论。
- [参议院辩论回顾：2026年4月1日——预算前的立法审查与议会问责](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-04-01/): 2026年4月1日参议院会议涵盖立法、质询环节交锋、委员会报告和休会演讲，处于5月预算前最后一个会议周。
- [参议院辩论回顾：2026年3月26日——住房问责、反犹主义文件调取令、ACCC罚款加倍与燃料安全](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-26/): 参议院通过了布拉格的住房法案、反犹主义和反种族主义文件调取令、ACCC罚款加倍法案，并就区域燃料短缺问题质询政府。
- [众议院2026年3月31日辩论回顾：立法、质询与议员发言](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-31/): 2026年3月31日众议院会议，在五月联邦预算案前夕进行了立法辩论、质询和议员发言。
- [众议院2026年3月23日辩论回顾：国家安全、农业用地保护与伊朗人权](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-23/): 国家安全、反犹太主义与邦迪海滩袭击主导了质询环节，众议院同时就农业用地保护展开辩论，并听取了有关免费TAFE（职业技术教育学院）项目的议员个人事务发言。
- [众议院2026年3月2日辩论：国家安全、六项法案推进及Farrer选区议员辞职](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-02/): 国家安全和中东问题贯穿质询时间，同时辩论了六项法案，包括退休公积金选择、移动信号覆盖……
- [参议院辩论回顾：《联邦实体法案》、文件调取令与现金接受，2026年3月24日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-24/): 参议院2026年3月24日（星期二）的会议是立法进展与政治角力并存的一天。
- [2026年3月4日参议院辩论回顾：初秋立法事务与议会审查](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-04/): 2026年3月4日参议院辩论涵盖立法事务、质询时间对行政行为的审查，以及秋季首次会期中的委员会审议。
- [2026年2月4日众议院辩论：议会年度的第一个会议日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-04/): 2026年首个会议日：众议院复会，进行立法事务、质询时间，政府公布新年议会议程。
- [众议院2026年6月30日辩论内容——住房、网络安全、议员停职及7月1日生活成本变化](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-30/): 众议院就房价和负扣税展开辩论，推进网络安全执法，停职一名议员，并预告了7月1日的减税和工资上涨。
- [2026年6月25日参议院辩论内容：深度伪造法律、网络安全与政治冲突](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-25/): 参议院就《我的脸，我的权利法案》中关于深度伪造的内容进行了辩论。政府反对该法案，但支持其立法意图，绿党与单一民族党就讽刺内容问题发生冲突。
- [2026年6月24日众议院会议：分歧后《建设合作型工作场所法案》获得通过](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-24/): 2026年6月24日，众议院经过多次分组表决通过了《建设合作工作场所法案》，并就《卫生立法修正案》进行了辩论。
- [以下是2026年6月3日众议院辩论内容：](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-03/): 2026年6月3日，联邦预算公布后不久，众议院召开会议。会议内容涉及关键预算法案、质询时间交锋以及议会辩论。
- [2026年2月5日众议院辩论内容：原住民儿童、卫生立法及吊唁动议](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-05/): 众议院提出了一项儿童委员会法案，提交了拨款法案，就卫生立法进行了辩论并进行了投票，还讨论了《大学协议》改革。
- [2026年3月23日参议院辩论了哪些议题：养老金选择权、公海生物多样性和燃料安全](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-23/): 2026年3月23日参议院会议讨论了养老金选择权、澳大利亚批准联合国公海条约、原住民儿童委员会…
- [参议院2026年3月10日辩论内容：养老金改革与中东动议](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-10/): 2026年3月10日的参议院会议涵盖了重大养老金改革、一项中东动议（经多次表决）以及关于事务重排的程序性争夺。
- [OzPolitics 如何审查政策提案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-ozpolitics-reviews-a-policy-proposal/): OzPolitics 对每项政策提案适用六项标准测试：机制、法律授权、成本、交付能力、证据基础和重大不确定性。
- [如何找到政治声明背后的法律依据](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-find-the-law-behind-a-political-claim/): 一份实用指南，教你将政治主张追溯到界定法律实际内容的立法、法规和官方文书。
- [如何解读联邦预算措施](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-read-a-federal-budget-measure/): 一份实用指南，教你如何在澳大利亚政府预算文件中定位、理解和解释各项支出或收入措施。
- [澳大利亚选举中的政策成本核算如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-policy-costings-work-in-australian-elections/): 政策成本核算在既定假设下估算预算影响。它不证明收益一定会发生或政策将实现其既定目的。
- [议会预算办公室可以验证什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-parliamentary-budget-office-can-verify/): PBO为所有议员提供独立的政策成本核算。它不认证政治可取性、法律有效性或社会结果。
- [如何区分公告与有资金支持的政策](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-distinguish-an-announcement-from-funded-policy/): 新闻发布会不等于有资金支持的政策。寻找拨款授权、交付机构、时间表、机构责任和实施文书。
- [如何测试某一政府是否控制该议题](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-test-whether-a-government-controls-the-issue/): 一个框架，用于将政策议题映射到控制该议题的政府层级，使用宪法、立法、部门职责和预算来源。
- [如何检查百分比声明背后的基线](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-check-the-baseline-behind-a-percentage-claim/): 一种审视百分比声明的方法：在接受数字具有意义之前，识别分子、分母、时间段和人群。
- [众议院辩论NDIS改革、减税和拨款法案——2026年5月28日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-28/): 众议院辩论了NDIS改革、两项减税法案、2026-27年度拨款法案、竞争法修改和移动覆盖义务。
- [众议院辩论内容：燃料安全主导议会复会，2026年3月30日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-30/): 2026年3月30日星期一的众议院会议以燃料安全为主导主题。
- [如何批判性地阅读官方新闻稿](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-read-an-official-media-release-critically/): 找到引用的原始来源，打开完整文件，核实定义和日期，结合上下文阅读引文，区分公告与已颁布法律。
- [如何评估一项创造就业的声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-jobs-created-claim/): 确定声明指的是人、岗位、工时、净就业还是建模预测的就业。检验地理范围、时间段、反事实和来源方法论。
- [如何评估一项生活成本声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-cost-of-living-claim/): 明确受影响家庭类型、商品篮子、时间框架和政策传导渠道。全国平均数会掩盖不同收入、住房持有方式、地理位置和消费模式造成的不同影响。
- [如何评估一项住房供给承诺](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-housing-supply-promise/): 一种实用的方法，通过区分批准、开工、竣工和住房供给的真正制约条件来评估政治性住房承诺。
- [如何评估一项减税声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-tax-cut-claim/): 核实减税针对谁、不同收入水平的实际节省金额、起始日期和对比基准。通过官方财政和税务局来源确认授权立法已通过。
- [如何评估一项削减开支的声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-spending-cut-claim/): 一项声称的削减可能是真正减少、增长放缓、到期终止的计划或项目划转。首先检查基准线和受影响的服务。
- [如何评估一项气候目标声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-climate-target-claim/): 确定目标年份、度量、基准线、法律地位和政策路径。一项排放目标不是当前政策能够实现目标的证据。
- [如何评估一项医疗等待时间声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-health-waiting-time-claim/): 确定服务类型、紧急程度分类、报告单位和数据来源。中位数与长等待、公立与私立之间的差异可能改变表面趋势。
- [如何评估一项教育拨款声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-an-education-funding-claim/): 一份评估学校和大学拨款声明的核验清单，涵盖名义与实际数字、生均金额和拨款来源。
- [如何评估一项移民数据声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-migration-number-claim/): 如何使用统计度量、覆盖时期和实际移民计数的知识来审视移民数据声明。
- [参议院辩论「肮脏捐款」禁令、竞争法和印度尼西亚条约——2026年5月14日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-05-14/): 参议院在一个完整会议日里辩论了选举捐款改革、竞争法、天然气税和澳大利亚—印度尼西亚安全条约。
- [参议院 2026 年 5 月 12 日辩论](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-05-12/): 参议院动议了对总督演讲的答辞、举行质询时间、审议了预算相关事务，并辩论了委员会报告。
- [参议院 2026 年 3 月 30 日辩论：税收、俄罗斯和委员会事务](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-30/): 参议院 3 月最后一个会议日，质询时间被税收政策和澳大利亚对俄罗斯的回应所主导，参议员 Barbara Pocock 和 Ralph Babet 分别提问。
- [参议院 2026 年 3 月 25 日：原住民儿童委员会法案通过、欧盟贸易紧张和燃料辩论](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-25/): 参议院通过了《全国原住民和托雷斯海峡岛民儿童与青少年委员会法案》，使其成为法律，并提出了新政府法案。
- [参议院 2026 年 2 月 5 日辩论：价格欺诈、国防监督和赌博广告改革](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-02-05/): 参议院 2026 年 2 月 5 日：价格欺诈法案在表决中落败，国防监督立法通过。
- [如何评估犯罪率相关说法](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-a-crime-rate-claim/): 使用警方和澳大利亚统计局的数据，区分绝对数量和比率，检查报告变化和人口因素，避免从广泛平均值推断个人风险。
- [如何评估基础设施效益相关说法](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-to-assess-an-infrastructure-benefit-claim/): 阅读商业案例以了解成本、预测需求、折现率、替代方案和敏感性测试。一个醒目的效益成本比数字并非保证。
- [试点、试行、项目和法定权益在政策中的含义](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-pilot-trial-program-and-entitlement-mean-in-policy/): 试点、试行、项目和法定权益这些标签如何暗示法律持久性、资金安全性，以及延续或终止每种类型举措所需的条件。
- [OzPolitics如何处理证据缺失和不确定性](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/how-ozpolitics-handles-missing-evidence-and-uncertainty/): 我们承认证据中的空白、区分已知事实与推断、并避免在政治分析中制造虚假确定性的方法。
- [2026年6月29日众议院辩论内容：药品短缺、网络安全、FIFA世界杯致敬和本地产业优先](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-29/): 2026年6月29日，众议院辩论了基于性别的权利立法、社交媒体执法和本地产业采购，而质询时间…
- [2026年6月2日众议院辩论：税制改革、AUKUS透明度与Farrer选区新议员](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-02/): 2026年6月2日众议院辩论：税制改革法案辩论、David Farley宣誓就任Farrer选区新议员，以及AUKUS透明度关切被提出。
- [2026年4月1日众议院辩论内容：梅森悼词、NDIS诚信改革、燃料危机和保密法改革](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-04-01/): 众议院向安东尼·梅森爵士致敬，辩论了NDIS诚信改革和燃料危机MPI，并提出了保密法、航空消费者保护等法案。
- [2026年3月12日众议院：Robodebt声明、反洗钱法案及燃料危机质询](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-12/): 众议院就Robodebt皇家委员会遗留问题、反洗钱法案及拨款法案进行辩论，而燃料危机主导了质询环节。
- [众议院辩论内容：国家安全、养老金改革和拨款法案，2026年3月3日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-03/): 2026年3月3日，众议院辩论了国家安全、养老金改革和拨款法案，包括关于边境安全和国防事务的发言。
- [2026年2月9日众议院辩论内容：国旗保护法案、大学改革和生活成本问题](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-09/): 众议院辩论了国旗亵渎法案、大学协议立法、电信消费者保障措施，并回答了23个关于经济、住房和能源的问题。
- [2026年2月10日众议院辩论内容：教育改革、政府信任与生活成本](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-10/): 众议院于2026年2月10日辩论大学协议立法，议员提出政府信任、生活成本和能源价格关切。
- [2026年2月3日众议院辩论：数字资产、版权改革、生啤酒税和山火问题](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-03/): 众议院辩论了八项法案，包括数字资产框架、版权改革、生啤酒消费税削减，并回答了21个关于经济和山火的问题。
- [2026年7月2日众议院辩论内容：赌博改革、现金分配及税务顾问问责制](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-07-02/): 关于赌博改革、现金分配及税务顾问问责制的辩论，已设立三个委员会，并就程序性动议产生分歧。
- [2026年6月29日参议院辩论内容：税收改革法案、保密条款及财务报告改革](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-29/): 参议院于2026年6月29日对三项财政法案进行了辩论，并在一个会议日内通过了《保密条款修正案》的全部立法阶段。
- [2026年6月22日众议院辩论内容：碳信用、非法烟草打击、燃油消费税减免及赌博广告](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-22/): 2026年6月22日，众议院就碳信用额度、非法烟草、燃油消费税减免以及跨党派议员呼吁禁止赌博广告等议题进行了辩论。
- [2026年5月26日众议院辩论内容：预算案、国家残障保险计划（NDIS）及商业登记事宜](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-26/): 2026年5月26日召开的众议院会议涉及2026–27年度预算法案、国家残障保险计划改革、商业登记、针对小企业的质询时间以及……
- [以下是2026年3月12日参议院辩论的内容：](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-12/): 参议院就数字身份法案进行了辩论，进行了质询时间，审议了委员会报告，接收了请愿书，并进行了休会辩论。
- [2026年3月3日参议院辩论内容：法案、动议及委员会监督](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-03/): 参议院3月初的会议期间，围绕三项不同的法案辩论、多份委员会报告以及紧急事项，展开了密集的立法议程。
- [2026年2月4日参议院辩论内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-02-04/): 以下是2026年2月参议院首个完整会议日所处理的关键法案、质询、动议及委员会事务的摘要。
- [2026年2月3日参议院辩论内容：生活成本、邦迪海滩袭击事件及政治捐款](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-02-03/): 参议院于2月3日开启2026年工作议程，就邦迪海滩袭击事件、生活成本、政治捐款及丛林大火等议题发表声明。
- [参议院2026年7月1日辩论：学生学费、发薪日养老金、生活成本与社交媒体监管](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-07-01/): 参议院否决了绿党废除大学学费上涨的法案，辩论了发薪日养老金不批准动议，并推进加强社交媒体年龄执法。
- [众议院2026年5月13日辩论：监管改革、幸存者法与国防](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-13/): 2026年5月13日的会议涵盖了修正26部法案的监管改革综合法案、关于财务滥用的幸存者法、来自退伍军人自杀皇家委员会的国防改革。
- [众议院2026年7月1日辩论内容：RCDVS国防改革、法规更新及社交媒体年龄执法](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-07-01/): 众议院于2026年7月1日推进了10项法案，涵盖国防、养老护理、生物安全和网络安全，并审议了关于NACC委员会的参议院信函。
- [参议院2026年5月13日辩论内容：性别退休金差距、危机中的竞争法、包装EPR及Bill Grayden悼念](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-05-13/): 参议院就性别退休金差距私人参议员法案、危机应对竞争法快速通道、扩展生产者责任进行辩论。
- [参议院2026年3月5日辩论内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-05/): 参议院审议了财政法修正案及其他立法，举行了含补充回答的质询时间，并致谢了尊贵来宾。
- [2026年6月22日参议院辩论内容：税务改革方案、参议员发言与紧急事项](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-22/): 参议院于2026年6月22日审议了税务改革一号方案，围绕程序形式及拟议变更范围展开激烈辩论。
- [众议院2026年6月25日辩论内容](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-25/): 2026年6月25日众议院会议涵盖立法、质询时间和委员会事务，是冬季休会前的最后一周。
- [众议院2026年2月11日辩论内容：委员会、法案和议长声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-11/): 2026年众议院第二个议事周以委员会报告、两轮法案辩论、质询时间、议长声明和一项公共重要事项辩论为主要内容。
- [众议院2026年5月27日辩论内容：NDIS改革、医疗保险激励措施及预算后审查](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-27/): 2026年5月27日，众议院就NDIS修正案法案进行了辩论，共有19名议员发言，此外还涉及医疗保险、关税及商业登记法案的预算后讨论。
- [参议院2026年3月31日：NDIS诚信、燃油危机与现金接受辩论](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-31/): 参议院就《2025年NDIS修正案法案》进行辩论，通过了《版权修正案法案》，并审议了关于现金接受法规的否决动议，背景是……
- [2026年3月24日众议院辩论内容：欧盟委员会主席演讲、燃油价格、拨款法案及基因检测保护](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-24/): 众议院听取了欧盟委员会主席的历史性演讲，在质询时间就燃油价格展开辩论，通过了三项拨款法案及基因检测保护法案。
- [2026年3月2日参议院辩论内容：缩小差距、中东问题与《联合国土著人民权利宣言》](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-03-02/): 2026年3月2日的参议院会议包括年度“缩小差距”报告、连续第二天的中东动议辩论，以及参议员索普提出《联合国土著人民权利宣言》相关议题。
- [众议院辩论燃油消费税减免、预算和战争纪念馆——2026年6月23日](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-23/): 众议院通过了《燃油消费税减免（第2号）法案》，在质询时间和公共重要性事项中辩论了预算，并发表了关于战争纪念馆的两党声明。
- [众议院2026年5月14日辩论内容：预算拨款启动、保密法通过及NDIS改革引入](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-14/): 众议院通过了保密法改革，引入了NDIS和预算拨款法案，并于2026年5月14日就不公平贸易行为和非法烟草进行了辩论。
- [众议院在2026年3月25日辩论了什么：议会问责与立法议程](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-25/): 2026年3月25日众议院辩论包括质询时间、立法事务和议员声明，属于3月议会会期的一部分。
- [2026年3月10日众议院辩论内容：燃料安全、拨款法案与能源政策](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-10/): 燃料安全主导了质询时间和议员发言，同时众议院推进了拨款法案、移民立法和一项煤矿开采
- [众议院2026年3月5日：加拿大总理马克·卡尼向议会发表讲话，养老金改革法案通过](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-05/): 加拿大总理在联席会议上发表讲话，众议院通过了养老金改革法案，质询时间涵盖了生活成本和中东问题。
- [参议院辩论内容：2026年6月24日——性别养老金差距、税制改革、NDIS资金及住房](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-24/): 参议院就性别养老金差距法案、以通胀模型取代50%资本利得税折扣的税制改革、与AUKUS挂钩的NDIS资金以及住房政策展开辩论。
- [众议院在2026年2月12日辩论了什么：议会年的第一个会期周](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-02-12/): 2026年2月12日的众议院辩论以立法事务、质询时间和议员发言开启了议会年的第一个会期周。
- [参议院2026年6月30日辩论：NAIF延期、护士处方权、LGBTIQA+专员及税收冲突](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-06-30/): NAIF延长10年，护士PBS处方权辩论，绿党提出LGBTIQA+专员法案，质询时间就税收和住房发生冲突。
- [众议院在2026年6月4日辩论了什么：委员会、质询时间和法案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-06-04/): 众议院设立了一个网络安全委员会，辩论了四项法案，举行了质询时间，并就政府问责问题讨论了一项公共重要性事项。
- [众议院 2026年5月12日：预算日、100亿澳元燃料安全计划及大规模法案提交](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-05-12/): 在2026年预算日，众议院提交了23项法案，暂停议事规则以便财长发表演讲，并就燃料安全、保密法改革等议题进行了辩论。
- [2026年3月11日众议院辩论内容：法案、委员会与公共重要性事项](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-house-debated-2026-03-11/): 众议院于2026年3月11日召开了一次活跃的周中会议，涉及多项法案辩论、委员会报告及重要事项声明。
- [2026年7月2日参议院辩论——老年护理算法人工干预、不公平交易及护士处方权](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/what-the-senate-debated-2026-07-02/): 参议院通过了一项恢复老年护理算法人工干预的法案，就不公平交易保护进行了辩论，并批准了护士在药品福利计划下的处方权。
- [众议院——校对稿（Proof）](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/review-desk/house-of-representatives-proof/): 众议院2026年9月10日会议日的校对稿（Proof）速记录是在最终校正前发布的工作稿，并非最终版《议会记录》（Hansard）。

## 政党、候选人与代表制度（简体中文）

- [澳大利亚各政党移民政策对比](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/australian-party-migration-policies-compared-2026/): 五大联邦政党在2026年年中公布的移民政策立场对比：移民配额、技术移民、价值观、边境管控及留学生政策。
- [2026年澳大利亚工党政策与立场](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/labor-party-policies-and-positions-2026/): 澳大利亚工党如何在中2026年作为执政党阐述其住房、生活成本、气候、医疗和移民立场。
- [2026年澳大利亚自由党的政策与立场](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/liberal-party-policies-and-positions-2026/): 本页梳理自由党在2026年所公开声称的立场，涵盖税收、能源、住房、移民、医疗与安全等领域，已按其官网《我们的计划》页面于2026年9月12日重新核对。文中所有立场均归因于该党公布的资料来源，未经OzPolitics独立核实，也未当作既成事实陈述。
- [澳大利亚绿党2026年政策与立场](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/australian-greens-policies-and-positions-2026/): 澳大利亚绿党在住房、女性安全、税收、气候、医疗和移民方面的2026年既定政策立场，来自政策页面和媒体稿。
- [政党如何在澳大利亚注册](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-political-parties-register-in-australia/): 政党注册需要1500名选民名册成员和书面章程。澳大利亚选举委员会根据《1918年联邦选举法》管理注册。
- [独立候选人与政党候选人的比较](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/independent-candidates-and-party-candidates-compared/): 独立候选人和政党候选人寻求相同的职位，但在选票标签、竞选资金和纪律上有所不同。独立性并不能证明中立性。
- [政党预选如何运作——以及为何规则各不相同](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-party-preselections-work-and-why-rules-vary/): 预选由各政党向澳大利亚选举委员会提交的规则管辖。投票、小组、执行委员会和争议程序因政党和支部而异。
- [政党纲领能告诉你什么和不能告诉你什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/what-a-party-platform-can-and-cannot-tell-you/): 政党纲领揭示了特定时间点的既定优先事项和承诺，但不能单独确定资金、授权或未来的议会支持。
- [如何公平地比较候选人陈述](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-to-compare-candidate-statements-fairly/): 对每位候选人提出相同的问题，根据议会和AEC记录核实其主张，并将有据可查的事实与竞选包装区分开来。
- [Pauline Hanson的一国党2026年政策与立场](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/one-nation-policies-and-positions-2026/): Pauline Hanson的一国党在住房、税收、能源、医疗保健和移民方面的官方政策立场，来源于其官方网站和2026年公告，已于2026年8月30日重新核对。
- [如何核实候选人的议会记录](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-to-verify-a-candidate-s-parliamentary-record/): 通过议会官方资料、演讲记录、委员会工作、法案及其他一手材料核实候选人的议会表现，确认身份与日期。
- [如何在上下文中解读议员的投票记录](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-to-read-a-member-s-voting-record-in-context/): 分组表决记录仅显示记录投票，而非每个立场或缺席原因。核查动议、修正案、配对安排和议院背景。
- [选区办公室与部长办公室：不同的角色](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/electorate-offices-and-ministerial-offices-different-roles/): 选区办公室负责选区事务，部长办公室负责行政事务；资金、人员、记录和资源使用方面遵循不同规则。
- [议会党鞭的职责](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/what-a-parliamentary-whip-does/): 理解党鞭在澳大利亚议会中作为两院政党纪律、出席和程序策略组织者的角色。
- [前排、后排与交叉席位解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/frontbench-backbench-and-crossbench-explained/): 前排议员担任部长职务，后排议员不担任，交叉席位议员在众议院和参议院中位于政府和反对党阵营之外。
- [政党纪律如何影响议会投票](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-party-discipline-affects-parliamentary-votes/): 政党纪律塑造大多数议会投票，但并非绝对。良心投票、跨党投票、配对和缺席都影响最终结果。
- [政治捐款与披露规则：在哪里查](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/political-donations-and-disclosure-rules-where-to-look/): 通过AEC透明度登记册追踪联邦捐款和支出。阅读报告期、实体类型和门槛：申报表不是实时账本。
- [竞选活动的公共拨款解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/public-funding-of-election-campaigns-explained/): 选举拨款依据法定规则支付，与资格和经核实的选举支出挂钩，不是对收到的每张票自动付款。
- [政治广告中的授权声明](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/authorisation-statements-in-political-advertising/): 选举传播可能需要标识负责个人或实体的授权声明，正如《1918年联邦选举法》所要求的。
- [如何举报疑似选举误导信息或非法材料](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-to-report-suspected-electoral-misinformation-or-unlawful-material/): 哪些监管机构处理选举误导信息、保留哪些证据，以及如何举报而不公开指控任何人犯罪。
- [澳大利亚各政党税收与生活成本政策对比](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/australian-party-tax-cost-of-living-policies-compared-2026/): 截至2026年年中，五个注册联邦政党在税制改革与生活成本纾困方面的立场并列对比。
- [澳大利亚各政党气候与能源政策比较](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/australian-party-climate-energy-policies-compared-2026/): 五大联邦政党所声明的气候与能源政策并排比较：目标、机制、核能、可再生能源和燃料（截至2026年7月）。
- [澳大利亚各政党医疗政策比较](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/australian-party-healthcare-policies-compared-2026/): 五大联邦政党所声明的医疗立场并排比较：2026年年中的Medicare、统一报销、牙科、心理健康和人力。
- [候选人如何提名参加联邦选举](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/how-candidates-nominate-for-a-federal-election/): 候选人需提交正式提名、支付押金、符合资格要求并遵守严格截止日期。媒体公告不能替代已接受的提名。
- [澳大利亚国家党2026年政策与立场](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/nationals-policies-and-positions-2026/): 国家党在2025-2026年联盟党公告和地区政策中关于住房、税收、能源、医疗和移民的既定立场。
- [澳大利亚政党住房政策比较](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/representation/australian-party-housing-policies-compared-2026/): 截至2026年中，澳大利亚五个联邦政党在住房供应、可负担性、租赁监管和首次购房者支持方面的政策陈述。

## 政治信息辨识（简体中文）

- [政治声明的五分钟来源核查](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/a-five-minute-source-check-for-political-claims/): 找到最早的来源，打开它，核对日期和定义，将声称的内容与来源的实际措辞进行比较，交叉引用并记录未经核实的内容。
- [初级、次级及党派来源解析](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/primary-secondary-and-partisan-sources-explained/): 一手资料记录基本行为或数据；二手资料对其进行解读；党派资料则带有倡导性。若其作用被明确标注，每种资料都可能具有价值。
- [如何核实政治引语](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/how-to-verify-a-political-quote/): 使用官方记录核实政治引文的实用步骤：通过汉萨德议事录、档案、录音及上下文，核查引文摘录是否改变了原意。
- [如何检查一张图片或视频是否为旧素材](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/how-to-check-whether-an-image-or-video-is-old/): 在澳大利亚政治语境中，验证流传的视觉媒体是否为近期内容、是否被错误归属或从先前事件中重复使用的实用技巧。
- [民意调查样本、误差范围及加权机制如何运作](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/how-polling-samples-margins-and-weighting-work/): 要批判性地解读民调结果，需了解受访者群体、联系方式、样本量、问题措辞、调查日期以及加权方式。
- [为何民调不等于选举预测](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/why-a-poll-is-not-an-election-prediction/): 民意调查捕捉的是某一时刻的公众意见，而选举记录的是实际选票。抽样误差、竞选活动、投票率以及选区地理分布，是区分两者的关键因素。
- [如何阅读带有截断坐标轴或缺失基线的图表](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/how-to-read-charts-with-truncated-axes-or-missing-baselines/): 在评判图表前，请先检查坐标轴、单位、起始日期和分母。当视觉比例使差异看起来比实际更大时，请根据底层数据重新绘制。
- [事实核查能证明什么，不能证明什么](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/what-a-fact-check-can-and-cannot-prove/): 事实核查针对一个明确的说法，依据现有证据进行验证。它无法解决价值判断问题，无法预测所有结果，也无法验证超出所述范围的说法。
- [如何识别网络上的定向政治说服](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/how-to-recognise-targeted-political-persuasion-online/): 识别旨在通过定向投放、情感框架和隐藏来源来影响政治观点的在线内容的实用技巧。
- [建立您自己的中立选举研究档案](https://ozpolitics.au/zh-cn/media-literacy/build-your-own-neutral-election-research-file/): 建立个人选举研究档案：先设定问题，使用一手资料，区分主张与证据，并随新材料的出现持续更新。

## Retrieval note

Check reviewed dates and open the linked sources before relying on time-sensitive facts. A bill is not enacted law merely because it has been introduced; Hansard records what was said rather than proving every statement true; and a party website establishes an attributed party position, not independent proof of every factual claim on that page.